Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes
Amlodipine besilate, a calcium channel antagonist, exists in several solid forms. Processing of anhydrate and dihydrate forms of this drug may lead to solid state changes, and is therefore the focus of this study. Milling was performed for the anhydrate form, whereas the dihydrate form was subjected...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/4/1/93/ |
| _version_ | 1811187600005791744 |
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| author | Thomas Rades Marja Savolainen Jukka Rantanen Vishal Koradia Johan P. Boetker |
| author_facet | Thomas Rades Marja Savolainen Jukka Rantanen Vishal Koradia Johan P. Boetker |
| author_sort | Thomas Rades |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Amlodipine besilate, a calcium channel antagonist, exists in several solid forms. Processing of anhydrate and dihydrate forms of this drug may lead to solid state changes, and is therefore the focus of this study. Milling was performed for the anhydrate form, whereas the dihydrate form was subjected to quench cooling thereby creating an amorphous form of the drug from both starting materials. The milled and quench cooled samples were, together with the crystalline starting materials, analyzed with X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Raman spectroscopy and atomic pair-wise distribution function (PDF) analysis of the XRPD pattern. When compared to XRPD and Raman spectroscopy, the PDF analysis was superior in displaying the difference between the amorphous samples prepared by milling and quench cooling approaches of the two starting materials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:06:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-adf55a3e3ebf450697a3d81313569125 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:06:09Z |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-adf55a3e3ebf450697a3d813135691252022-12-22T04:19:53ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232012-01-01419310310.3390/pharmaceutics4010093Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing RoutesThomas RadesMarja SavolainenJukka RantanenVishal KoradiaJohan P. BoetkerAmlodipine besilate, a calcium channel antagonist, exists in several solid forms. Processing of anhydrate and dihydrate forms of this drug may lead to solid state changes, and is therefore the focus of this study. Milling was performed for the anhydrate form, whereas the dihydrate form was subjected to quench cooling thereby creating an amorphous form of the drug from both starting materials. The milled and quench cooled samples were, together with the crystalline starting materials, analyzed with X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Raman spectroscopy and atomic pair-wise distribution function (PDF) analysis of the XRPD pattern. When compared to XRPD and Raman spectroscopy, the PDF analysis was superior in displaying the difference between the amorphous samples prepared by milling and quench cooling approaches of the two starting materials.http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/4/1/93/atomic pair-wise distribution functionsRaman spectroscopyXRPDamlodipine besilate |
| spellingShingle | Thomas Rades Marja Savolainen Jukka Rantanen Vishal Koradia Johan P. Boetker Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes Pharmaceutics atomic pair-wise distribution functions Raman spectroscopy XRPD amlodipine besilate |
| title | Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes |
| title_full | Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes |
| title_fullStr | Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes |
| title_short | Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes |
| title_sort | atomic pairwise distribution function analysis of the amorphous phase prepared by different manufacturing routes |
| topic | atomic pair-wise distribution functions Raman spectroscopy XRPD amlodipine besilate |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/4/1/93/ |
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