Antihypertensive Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract in Subjects with Grade I Hypertension and Antihypertensive Drug Therapy: A Randomized, Triple-Blind Controlled Trial
The use of garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i>) for treating arterial hypertension has been recognized as effective for several decades. However, tolerance to treatment is low, and several technological modifications have been developed to improve its tolerability, such as the aging process at...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-08-01
|
| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/17/3691 |
| _version_ | 1797582072046419968 |
|---|---|
| author | José C. E. Serrano Eva Castro-Boqué Alicia García-Carrasco María Inés Morán-Valero Daniel González-Hedström Marcelino Bermúdez-López José Manuel Valdivielso Alberto E. Espinel Manuel Portero-Otín |
| author_facet | José C. E. Serrano Eva Castro-Boqué Alicia García-Carrasco María Inés Morán-Valero Daniel González-Hedström Marcelino Bermúdez-López José Manuel Valdivielso Alberto E. Espinel Manuel Portero-Otín |
| author_sort | José C. E. Serrano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i>) for treating arterial hypertension has been recognized as effective for several decades. However, tolerance to treatment is low, and several technological modifications have been developed to improve its tolerability, such as the aging process at controlled temperature and humidity. This study aims to validate the antihypertensive effects of an optimized extract of aged black garlic with low doses of s-allyl-cysteine (SAC) in a Grade I hypertensive population with drug treatment. A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled parallel trial was developed, where a daily supplementation with 0.25 mg/day of SAC for 12 weeks was performed. A reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 1.8 mmHg (0.7 to 4.1 95% CI) and 1.5 mmHg (0.3 to 3.0 95% CI), respectively, was observed. Similarly, an increase in blood nitric oxide (10.3 µM, 1.1 to 19.5 95% CI) and antioxidant capacity (7 × 10<sup>−3</sup> µM TE/min, (1.2 to 13 × 10<sup>−3</sup> 95% CI) and a reduction in uric acid levels (−0.3 mg/dL, −0.5 to −0.001 95% CI) and ACE activity (−9.3 U/L; −18.4 to −0.4 95% CI) were observed. No changes in endothelial function and inflammatory cytokines were observed. It was concluded that low-dose SAC supplementation in an optimized black-garlic extract allows for an extra-significant reduction in blood pressure in a Grade I hypertensive population receiving drug treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:16:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-adf90d84b69640f892df99bcf4650ce2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:16:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-adf90d84b69640f892df99bcf4650ce22023-11-19T08:37:48ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-08-011517369110.3390/nu15173691Antihypertensive Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract in Subjects with Grade I Hypertension and Antihypertensive Drug Therapy: A Randomized, Triple-Blind Controlled TrialJosé C. E. Serrano0Eva Castro-Boqué1Alicia García-Carrasco2María Inés Morán-Valero3Daniel González-Hedström4Marcelino Bermúdez-López5José Manuel Valdivielso6Alberto E. Espinel7Manuel Portero-Otín8NUTREN-Nutrigenomics, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, SpainVascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, SpainVascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, SpainPharmactive Biotech S.L.U., 28049 Madrid, SpainPharmactive Biotech S.L.U., 28049 Madrid, SpainVascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, SpainVascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, SpainPharmactive Biotech S.L.U., 28049 Madrid, SpainNUTREN-Nutrigenomics, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, SpainThe use of garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i>) for treating arterial hypertension has been recognized as effective for several decades. However, tolerance to treatment is low, and several technological modifications have been developed to improve its tolerability, such as the aging process at controlled temperature and humidity. This study aims to validate the antihypertensive effects of an optimized extract of aged black garlic with low doses of s-allyl-cysteine (SAC) in a Grade I hypertensive population with drug treatment. A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled parallel trial was developed, where a daily supplementation with 0.25 mg/day of SAC for 12 weeks was performed. A reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 1.8 mmHg (0.7 to 4.1 95% CI) and 1.5 mmHg (0.3 to 3.0 95% CI), respectively, was observed. Similarly, an increase in blood nitric oxide (10.3 µM, 1.1 to 19.5 95% CI) and antioxidant capacity (7 × 10<sup>−3</sup> µM TE/min, (1.2 to 13 × 10<sup>−3</sup> 95% CI) and a reduction in uric acid levels (−0.3 mg/dL, −0.5 to −0.001 95% CI) and ACE activity (−9.3 U/L; −18.4 to −0.4 95% CI) were observed. No changes in endothelial function and inflammatory cytokines were observed. It was concluded that low-dose SAC supplementation in an optimized black-garlic extract allows for an extra-significant reduction in blood pressure in a Grade I hypertensive population receiving drug treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/17/3691hypertensionaged black garlicblood pressures-allyl-cysteine |
| spellingShingle | José C. E. Serrano Eva Castro-Boqué Alicia García-Carrasco María Inés Morán-Valero Daniel González-Hedström Marcelino Bermúdez-López José Manuel Valdivielso Alberto E. Espinel Manuel Portero-Otín Antihypertensive Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract in Subjects with Grade I Hypertension and Antihypertensive Drug Therapy: A Randomized, Triple-Blind Controlled Trial Nutrients hypertension aged black garlic blood pressure s-allyl-cysteine |
| title | Antihypertensive Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract in Subjects with Grade I Hypertension and Antihypertensive Drug Therapy: A Randomized, Triple-Blind Controlled Trial |
| title_full | Antihypertensive Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract in Subjects with Grade I Hypertension and Antihypertensive Drug Therapy: A Randomized, Triple-Blind Controlled Trial |
| title_fullStr | Antihypertensive Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract in Subjects with Grade I Hypertension and Antihypertensive Drug Therapy: A Randomized, Triple-Blind Controlled Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antihypertensive Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract in Subjects with Grade I Hypertension and Antihypertensive Drug Therapy: A Randomized, Triple-Blind Controlled Trial |
| title_short | Antihypertensive Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract in Subjects with Grade I Hypertension and Antihypertensive Drug Therapy: A Randomized, Triple-Blind Controlled Trial |
| title_sort | antihypertensive effects of an optimized aged garlic extract in subjects with grade i hypertension and antihypertensive drug therapy a randomized triple blind controlled trial |
| topic | hypertension aged black garlic blood pressure s-allyl-cysteine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/17/3691 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT joseceserrano antihypertensiveeffectsofanoptimizedagedgarlicextractinsubjectswithgradeihypertensionandantihypertensivedrugtherapyarandomizedtripleblindcontrolledtrial AT evacastroboque antihypertensiveeffectsofanoptimizedagedgarlicextractinsubjectswithgradeihypertensionandantihypertensivedrugtherapyarandomizedtripleblindcontrolledtrial AT aliciagarciacarrasco antihypertensiveeffectsofanoptimizedagedgarlicextractinsubjectswithgradeihypertensionandantihypertensivedrugtherapyarandomizedtripleblindcontrolledtrial AT mariainesmoranvalero antihypertensiveeffectsofanoptimizedagedgarlicextractinsubjectswithgradeihypertensionandantihypertensivedrugtherapyarandomizedtripleblindcontrolledtrial AT danielgonzalezhedstrom antihypertensiveeffectsofanoptimizedagedgarlicextractinsubjectswithgradeihypertensionandantihypertensivedrugtherapyarandomizedtripleblindcontrolledtrial AT marcelinobermudezlopez antihypertensiveeffectsofanoptimizedagedgarlicextractinsubjectswithgradeihypertensionandantihypertensivedrugtherapyarandomizedtripleblindcontrolledtrial AT josemanuelvaldivielso antihypertensiveeffectsofanoptimizedagedgarlicextractinsubjectswithgradeihypertensionandantihypertensivedrugtherapyarandomizedtripleblindcontrolledtrial AT albertoeespinel antihypertensiveeffectsofanoptimizedagedgarlicextractinsubjectswithgradeihypertensionandantihypertensivedrugtherapyarandomizedtripleblindcontrolledtrial AT manuelporterootin antihypertensiveeffectsofanoptimizedagedgarlicextractinsubjectswithgradeihypertensionandantihypertensivedrugtherapyarandomizedtripleblindcontrolledtrial |