Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Gibberellic Acid Regulates the Growth and Flavonoid Synthesis in <em>Phellodendron chinense</em> Schneid Seedlings
The phytohormone gibberellic acids (GAs) play a crucial role in the processes of growth, organ development, and secondary metabolism. However, the mechanism of exogenous GA<sub>3</sub> regulating the growth and flavonoid synthesis in <i>Phellodendron chinense</i> Schneid (<...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/22/16045 |
| Summary: | The phytohormone gibberellic acids (GAs) play a crucial role in the processes of growth, organ development, and secondary metabolism. However, the mechanism of exogenous GA<sub>3</sub> regulating the growth and flavonoid synthesis in <i>Phellodendron chinense</i> Schneid (<i>P. chinense</i> Schneid) seedlings remains unclear. In this study, the physicochemical properties, gene expression level, and secondary metabolite of <i>P. chinense</i> Schneid seedlings under GA<sub>3</sub> treatment were investigated. The results showed that GA<sub>3</sub> significantly improved the plant height, ground diameter, fresh weight, chlorophyll content, soluble substance content, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activities. This was accompanied by elevated relative expression levels of <i>Pc(S)-GA2ox</i>, <i>Pc(S)-DELLA</i>, <i>Pc(S)-SAUR50</i>, <i>Pc(S)-PsaD</i>, <i>Pc(S)-Psb 27</i>, <i>Pc(S)-PGK</i>, <i>Pc(S)-CER3,</i> and <i>Pc(S)-FBA</i> unigenes. Conversely, a notable reduction was observed in the carotenoid content, catalase activity and the relative expression abundances of <i>Pc(S)-KAO, Pc(S)-GID1</i>/<i>2,</i> and <i>Pc(S)-GH 3.6</i> unigenes in leaves of <i>P. chinense</i> Schneid seedlings (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, GA<sub>3</sub> evidently decreased the contents of pinocembrin, pinobanksin, isosakuranetin, naringin, naringenin, (−)-epicatechin, tricetin, luteolin, and vitexin belonged to flavonoid in stem bark of <i>P. chinense</i> Schneid seedlings (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These results indicated that exogenous GA<sub>3</sub> promoted growth through improving chlorophyll content and gene expression in photosynthesis and phytohormone signal pathway and inhibited flavonoid synthesis in <i>P. chinense</i> Schneid seedlings. |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |