Cross-Reactivity Assessment of Vaccine-Derived SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses against BA.2.86 and JN.1
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants BA.2.86 and JN.1 contain multiple mutations in the spike protein that were not present in previous variants of concern and Omicron sub-variants. Preliminary research suggests that these variants reduce the neutralizing capability of antibodies induced by vaccines,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/3/473 |
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| author | Muhammad Saqib Sohail Syed Faraz Ahmed Ahmed Abdul Quadeer Matthew R. McKay |
| author_facet | Muhammad Saqib Sohail Syed Faraz Ahmed Ahmed Abdul Quadeer Matthew R. McKay |
| author_sort | Muhammad Saqib Sohail |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants BA.2.86 and JN.1 contain multiple mutations in the spike protein that were not present in previous variants of concern and Omicron sub-variants. Preliminary research suggests that these variants reduce the neutralizing capability of antibodies induced by vaccines, which is particularly significant for JN.1. This raises concern as many widely deployed COVID-19 vaccines are based on the spike protein of the ancestral Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2. While T cell responses have been shown to be robust against previous SARS-CoV-2 variants, less is known about the impact of mutations in BA.2.86 and JN.1 on T cell responses. We evaluate the effect of mutations specific to BA.2.86 and JN.1 on experimentally determined T cell epitopes derived from the spike protein of the ancestral Wuhan strain and the spike protein of the XBB.1.5 strain that has been recommended as a booster vaccine. Our data suggest that BA.2.86 and JN.1 affect numerous T cell epitopes in spike compared to previous variants; however, the widespread loss of T cell recognition against these variants is unlikely. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:45:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ae2c56f7a4364ec2b133622305db9915 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:45:19Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-ae2c56f7a4364ec2b133622305db99152024-03-27T14:08:00ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152024-03-0116347310.3390/v16030473Cross-Reactivity Assessment of Vaccine-Derived SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses against BA.2.86 and JN.1Muhammad Saqib Sohail0Syed Faraz Ahmed1Ahmed Abdul Quadeer2Matthew R. McKay3Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, AustraliaDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, AustraliaDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, AustraliaThe SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants BA.2.86 and JN.1 contain multiple mutations in the spike protein that were not present in previous variants of concern and Omicron sub-variants. Preliminary research suggests that these variants reduce the neutralizing capability of antibodies induced by vaccines, which is particularly significant for JN.1. This raises concern as many widely deployed COVID-19 vaccines are based on the spike protein of the ancestral Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2. While T cell responses have been shown to be robust against previous SARS-CoV-2 variants, less is known about the impact of mutations in BA.2.86 and JN.1 on T cell responses. We evaluate the effect of mutations specific to BA.2.86 and JN.1 on experimentally determined T cell epitopes derived from the spike protein of the ancestral Wuhan strain and the spike protein of the XBB.1.5 strain that has been recommended as a booster vaccine. Our data suggest that BA.2.86 and JN.1 affect numerous T cell epitopes in spike compared to previous variants; however, the widespread loss of T cell recognition against these variants is unlikely.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/3/473SARS-CoV-2COVID-19BA.2.86JN.1T cell epitopesimmune escape |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Saqib Sohail Syed Faraz Ahmed Ahmed Abdul Quadeer Matthew R. McKay Cross-Reactivity Assessment of Vaccine-Derived SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses against BA.2.86 and JN.1 Viruses SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 BA.2.86 JN.1 T cell epitopes immune escape |
| title | Cross-Reactivity Assessment of Vaccine-Derived SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses against BA.2.86 and JN.1 |
| title_full | Cross-Reactivity Assessment of Vaccine-Derived SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses against BA.2.86 and JN.1 |
| title_fullStr | Cross-Reactivity Assessment of Vaccine-Derived SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses against BA.2.86 and JN.1 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cross-Reactivity Assessment of Vaccine-Derived SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses against BA.2.86 and JN.1 |
| title_short | Cross-Reactivity Assessment of Vaccine-Derived SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses against BA.2.86 and JN.1 |
| title_sort | cross reactivity assessment of vaccine derived sars cov 2 t cell responses against ba 2 86 and jn 1 |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 BA.2.86 JN.1 T cell epitopes immune escape |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/3/473 |
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