CAR T Cell Therapy’s Potential for Pediatric Brain Tumors
Malignant central nervous system tumors are the leading cause of cancer death in children. Progress in high-throughput molecular techniques has increased the molecular understanding of these tumors, but the outcomes are still poor. Even when efficacious, surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy cause ne...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/21/5445 |
| _version_ | 1797512728180424704 |
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| author | Pauline Thomas Natacha Galopin Emma Bonérandi Béatrice Clémenceau Sophie Fougeray Stéphane Birklé |
| author_facet | Pauline Thomas Natacha Galopin Emma Bonérandi Béatrice Clémenceau Sophie Fougeray Stéphane Birklé |
| author_sort | Pauline Thomas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Malignant central nervous system tumors are the leading cause of cancer death in children. Progress in high-throughput molecular techniques has increased the molecular understanding of these tumors, but the outcomes are still poor. Even when efficacious, surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy cause neurologic and neurocognitive morbidity. Adoptive cell therapy with autologous CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T) has demonstrated remarkable remission rates in patients with relapsed refractory B cell malignancies. Unfortunately, tumor heterogeneity, the identification of appropriate target antigens, and location in a growing brain behind the blood–brain barrier within a specific suppressive immune microenvironment restrict the efficacy of this strategy in pediatric neuro-oncology. In addition, the vulnerability of the brain to unrepairable tissue damage raises important safety concerns. Recent preclinical findings, however, have provided a strong rationale for clinical trials of this approach in patients. Here, we examine the most important challenges associated with the development of CAR T cell immunotherapy and further present the latest preclinical strategies intending to optimize genetically engineered T cells’ efficiency and safety in the field of pediatric neuro-oncology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:05:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ae313db6a6094e169834075363a59a1f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:05:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-ae313db6a6094e169834075363a59a1f2023-11-22T20:35:22ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942021-10-011321544510.3390/cancers13215445CAR T Cell Therapy’s Potential for Pediatric Brain TumorsPauline Thomas0Natacha Galopin1Emma Bonérandi2Béatrice Clémenceau3Sophie Fougeray4Stéphane Birklé5Université de Nantes, INSERM, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, FranceUniversité de Nantes, INSERM, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, FranceUniversité de Nantes, INSERM, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, FranceUniversité de Nantes, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, FranceUniversité de Nantes, INSERM, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, FranceUniversité de Nantes, INSERM, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, FranceMalignant central nervous system tumors are the leading cause of cancer death in children. Progress in high-throughput molecular techniques has increased the molecular understanding of these tumors, but the outcomes are still poor. Even when efficacious, surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy cause neurologic and neurocognitive morbidity. Adoptive cell therapy with autologous CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T) has demonstrated remarkable remission rates in patients with relapsed refractory B cell malignancies. Unfortunately, tumor heterogeneity, the identification of appropriate target antigens, and location in a growing brain behind the blood–brain barrier within a specific suppressive immune microenvironment restrict the efficacy of this strategy in pediatric neuro-oncology. In addition, the vulnerability of the brain to unrepairable tissue damage raises important safety concerns. Recent preclinical findings, however, have provided a strong rationale for clinical trials of this approach in patients. Here, we examine the most important challenges associated with the development of CAR T cell immunotherapy and further present the latest preclinical strategies intending to optimize genetically engineered T cells’ efficiency and safety in the field of pediatric neuro-oncology.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/21/5445chimeric antigen receptorT cellmedulloblastomaatypical teratoid rhabdoid tumorsependymomahigh-grade glioma |
| spellingShingle | Pauline Thomas Natacha Galopin Emma Bonérandi Béatrice Clémenceau Sophie Fougeray Stéphane Birklé CAR T Cell Therapy’s Potential for Pediatric Brain Tumors Cancers chimeric antigen receptor T cell medulloblastoma atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors ependymoma high-grade glioma |
| title | CAR T Cell Therapy’s Potential for Pediatric Brain Tumors |
| title_full | CAR T Cell Therapy’s Potential for Pediatric Brain Tumors |
| title_fullStr | CAR T Cell Therapy’s Potential for Pediatric Brain Tumors |
| title_full_unstemmed | CAR T Cell Therapy’s Potential for Pediatric Brain Tumors |
| title_short | CAR T Cell Therapy’s Potential for Pediatric Brain Tumors |
| title_sort | car t cell therapy s potential for pediatric brain tumors |
| topic | chimeric antigen receptor T cell medulloblastoma atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors ependymoma high-grade glioma |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/21/5445 |
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