Study on electric modulus, complex modulus and conductivity properties of Nb/Sm, Gd doped barium titanate-lithium ferrite ceramic composites

The (90)BaTi(1−2x) YxNbxO3 + (10)Li0.5Fe2.5O4 (Y = Gd, Sm and x = 0, 0.05, 0.1) composites are prepared using the solid state method. The structural properties like X-ray diffraction (XRD), FESEM, electrical properties like electric modulus (M′), complex electric modulus (M″) and conductivity proper...

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Main Authors: Ganapathi Rao Gajula, Lakshmi Rekha Buddiga, K.N. Chidambara Kumar, Madhavaprasad Dasari
Formato: Artigo
Idioma:English
Publicado em: Elsevier 2020-06-01
Colecção:Results in Physics
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Acesso em linha:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211379719326117
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author Ganapathi Rao Gajula
Lakshmi Rekha Buddiga
K.N. Chidambara Kumar
Madhavaprasad Dasari
author_facet Ganapathi Rao Gajula
Lakshmi Rekha Buddiga
K.N. Chidambara Kumar
Madhavaprasad Dasari
author_sort Ganapathi Rao Gajula
collection DOAJ
description The (90)BaTi(1−2x) YxNbxO3 + (10)Li0.5Fe2.5O4 (Y = Gd, Sm and x = 0, 0.05, 0.1) composites are prepared using the solid state method. The structural properties like X-ray diffraction (XRD), FESEM, electrical properties like electric modulus (M′), complex electric modulus (M″) and conductivity properties of doped and undoped composites have been discussed. The XRD studies confirm the tetragonal structure of all composites. FESEM studies reveal an increase in the average grain size of the (90)BaTiO3 + (10)Li0.5Fe2.5O4 composite upon doping with Gd/Nb and Sm/Nb. As and when the temperature of the sample is decreased, with frequency is similar but its conductivity has decreased. In the high frequency region, the frequencies beyond 100 MHz, the conductivity of all composites are not zero, which shows the existence of hopping of electrons to a new site. The real electric modulus (M′) of composites confirm the occurrence of dispersion in all composites at all temperatures. The imaginary electric modulus (M″) increases with frequency and exhibits a peak at a certain frequency. The relaxation time of all composites reveals the short range movement of charge carriers. The nearly same value of activation energy of all composites reveals that the distribution of energy barriers in the Gd/Nb and Sm/Nb doped 0.9BT0.1LF composites. The area of semicircles of all composites increase and the shift of the intercept of a semicircle towards the higher value of M′ represents an increase in the capacitance. The normalized scaling behavior of all composites is studied by plotting normalized parameters M″/M″maxVs Log (f/fmax).
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spelling doaj.art-ae4bd0ef60b54c13a9f3d8af9f6bbd4d2022-12-22T00:21:30ZengElsevierResults in Physics2211-37972020-06-0117103076Study on electric modulus, complex modulus and conductivity properties of Nb/Sm, Gd doped barium titanate-lithium ferrite ceramic compositesGanapathi Rao Gajula0Lakshmi Rekha Buddiga1K.N. Chidambara Kumar2Madhavaprasad Dasari3Department of Physics, BS&H, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati 517102, A.P., India; Corresponding author.Department of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, A.P., IndiaDepartment of Physics, BS&H, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati 517102, A.P., IndiaDepartment of Electronics and Physics, GIS, GITAM University (deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530 045, A.P., IndiaThe (90)BaTi(1−2x) YxNbxO3 + (10)Li0.5Fe2.5O4 (Y = Gd, Sm and x = 0, 0.05, 0.1) composites are prepared using the solid state method. The structural properties like X-ray diffraction (XRD), FESEM, electrical properties like electric modulus (M′), complex electric modulus (M″) and conductivity properties of doped and undoped composites have been discussed. The XRD studies confirm the tetragonal structure of all composites. FESEM studies reveal an increase in the average grain size of the (90)BaTiO3 + (10)Li0.5Fe2.5O4 composite upon doping with Gd/Nb and Sm/Nb. As and when the temperature of the sample is decreased, with frequency is similar but its conductivity has decreased. In the high frequency region, the frequencies beyond 100 MHz, the conductivity of all composites are not zero, which shows the existence of hopping of electrons to a new site. The real electric modulus (M′) of composites confirm the occurrence of dispersion in all composites at all temperatures. The imaginary electric modulus (M″) increases with frequency and exhibits a peak at a certain frequency. The relaxation time of all composites reveals the short range movement of charge carriers. The nearly same value of activation energy of all composites reveals that the distribution of energy barriers in the Gd/Nb and Sm/Nb doped 0.9BT0.1LF composites. The area of semicircles of all composites increase and the shift of the intercept of a semicircle towards the higher value of M′ represents an increase in the capacitance. The normalized scaling behavior of all composites is studied by plotting normalized parameters M″/M″maxVs Log (f/fmax).http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211379719326117Real electric modulusImaginary electric modulusRelaxation timeConductivityCole cole plotsActivation energy
spellingShingle Ganapathi Rao Gajula
Lakshmi Rekha Buddiga
K.N. Chidambara Kumar
Madhavaprasad Dasari
Study on electric modulus, complex modulus and conductivity properties of Nb/Sm, Gd doped barium titanate-lithium ferrite ceramic composites
Results in Physics
Real electric modulus
Imaginary electric modulus
Relaxation time
Conductivity
Cole cole plots
Activation energy
title Study on electric modulus, complex modulus and conductivity properties of Nb/Sm, Gd doped barium titanate-lithium ferrite ceramic composites
title_full Study on electric modulus, complex modulus and conductivity properties of Nb/Sm, Gd doped barium titanate-lithium ferrite ceramic composites
title_fullStr Study on electric modulus, complex modulus and conductivity properties of Nb/Sm, Gd doped barium titanate-lithium ferrite ceramic composites
title_full_unstemmed Study on electric modulus, complex modulus and conductivity properties of Nb/Sm, Gd doped barium titanate-lithium ferrite ceramic composites
title_short Study on electric modulus, complex modulus and conductivity properties of Nb/Sm, Gd doped barium titanate-lithium ferrite ceramic composites
title_sort study on electric modulus complex modulus and conductivity properties of nb sm gd doped barium titanate lithium ferrite ceramic composites
topic Real electric modulus
Imaginary electric modulus
Relaxation time
Conductivity
Cole cole plots
Activation energy
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211379719326117
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