Q-switched pulse operation in erbium-doped fiber laser subject to zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles-based saturable absorber
In this paper, the zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles-based saturable-absorber (SA) have been incorporated in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) cavity for achieving a Q-switched pulse operation. The implementation of the zirconia nanoparticles-based powder on the fiber facet was accomplished using the i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024005097 |
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| author | Umer Sayyab Khalid Haroon Asghar Hafsa Hameed Muhammad Sohail Adnan Khalil Rizwan Ahmed Zeshan A. Umar Javed Iqbal M. Aslam Baig |
| author_facet | Umer Sayyab Khalid Haroon Asghar Hafsa Hameed Muhammad Sohail Adnan Khalil Rizwan Ahmed Zeshan A. Umar Javed Iqbal M. Aslam Baig |
| author_sort | Umer Sayyab Khalid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, the zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles-based saturable-absorber (SA) have been incorporated in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) cavity for achieving a Q-switched pulse operation. The implementation of the zirconia nanoparticles-based powder on the fiber facet was accomplished using the index-matching gel's adhesion effect. The incorporation of SA in the laser cavity yielded a stable and self-starting Q-switched operation under 19.36 mW pump power that corresponded to the emission wavelength of 1557.29 nm. Additionally, it was observed that the EDFL's emission wavelength tuned from 1557.29 nm to 1562.3 nm , and the repetition rates and pulse width ranged from 61.2 to 130 kHz and 7.9 to 3.6 μs, respectively, as the pump power was increased from 19.36 to 380.16 mW. Measured experimental results reveal that at a maximum pump power of 380.16 mW, the maximum average output power, peak power, and pulse energy were noticed to be 1.17 mW, 2.5 mW, and 9 nJ, respectively. A 52 dB suppression in side bands was found at a pump power of 380.16 mW. Moreover, the stability and threshold tolerance of the EDFL has also been discussed in detail. These findings suggest that nanoparticle-based saturable absorbers have potential applications in a pulsed source, making it easier to implement in fiber cavity-based systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T06:55:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ae5ed6af591b42dc9291eadac32c358b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T06:55:15Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-ae5ed6af591b42dc9291eadac32c358b2024-02-03T06:37:37ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402024-01-01102e24478Q-switched pulse operation in erbium-doped fiber laser subject to zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles-based saturable absorberUmer Sayyab Khalid0Haroon Asghar1Hafsa Hameed2Muhammad Sohail3Adnan Khalil4Rizwan Ahmed5Zeshan A. Umar6Javed Iqbal7M. Aslam Baig8National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Physics, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Azad Kashmir, PakistanNational Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan; Corresponding author.National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, 45320, Islamabad, PakistanInternational Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, ChinaInstitute of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, PakistanNational Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, 45320, Islamabad, PakistanNational Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, 45320, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Physics, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Azad Kashmir, PakistanNational Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, 45320, Islamabad, PakistanIn this paper, the zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles-based saturable-absorber (SA) have been incorporated in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) cavity for achieving a Q-switched pulse operation. The implementation of the zirconia nanoparticles-based powder on the fiber facet was accomplished using the index-matching gel's adhesion effect. The incorporation of SA in the laser cavity yielded a stable and self-starting Q-switched operation under 19.36 mW pump power that corresponded to the emission wavelength of 1557.29 nm. Additionally, it was observed that the EDFL's emission wavelength tuned from 1557.29 nm to 1562.3 nm , and the repetition rates and pulse width ranged from 61.2 to 130 kHz and 7.9 to 3.6 μs, respectively, as the pump power was increased from 19.36 to 380.16 mW. Measured experimental results reveal that at a maximum pump power of 380.16 mW, the maximum average output power, peak power, and pulse energy were noticed to be 1.17 mW, 2.5 mW, and 9 nJ, respectively. A 52 dB suppression in side bands was found at a pump power of 380.16 mW. Moreover, the stability and threshold tolerance of the EDFL has also been discussed in detail. These findings suggest that nanoparticle-based saturable absorbers have potential applications in a pulsed source, making it easier to implement in fiber cavity-based systems.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024005097Erbium-doped fiber lasersQ-switchedZirconiaSaturable-absorber |
| spellingShingle | Umer Sayyab Khalid Haroon Asghar Hafsa Hameed Muhammad Sohail Adnan Khalil Rizwan Ahmed Zeshan A. Umar Javed Iqbal M. Aslam Baig Q-switched pulse operation in erbium-doped fiber laser subject to zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles-based saturable absorber Heliyon Erbium-doped fiber lasers Q-switched Zirconia Saturable-absorber |
| title | Q-switched pulse operation in erbium-doped fiber laser subject to zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles-based saturable absorber |
| title_full | Q-switched pulse operation in erbium-doped fiber laser subject to zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles-based saturable absorber |
| title_fullStr | Q-switched pulse operation in erbium-doped fiber laser subject to zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles-based saturable absorber |
| title_full_unstemmed | Q-switched pulse operation in erbium-doped fiber laser subject to zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles-based saturable absorber |
| title_short | Q-switched pulse operation in erbium-doped fiber laser subject to zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles-based saturable absorber |
| title_sort | q switched pulse operation in erbium doped fiber laser subject to zirconia zro2 nanoparticles based saturable absorber |
| topic | Erbium-doped fiber lasers Q-switched Zirconia Saturable-absorber |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024005097 |
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