Performance Characteristic Analysis of Metallic and Non-Metallic Oxide Nanofluids for a Compound Parabolic Collector: Improvement of Renewable Energy Technologies in Buildings
The building sector is targeting net-zero emissions through the integration of renewable energy technologies, especially for space cooling and heating applications. In this regard, the use of solar thermal concentrating collectors is of vital importance. The performance of these collectors increases...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/3/1298 |
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| author | Muhammad Kaleem Muzaffar Ali Nadeem Ahmed Sheikh Javed Akhtar Rasikh Tariq Jaroslaw Krzywanski |
| author_facet | Muhammad Kaleem Muzaffar Ali Nadeem Ahmed Sheikh Javed Akhtar Rasikh Tariq Jaroslaw Krzywanski |
| author_sort | Muhammad Kaleem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The building sector is targeting net-zero emissions through the integration of renewable energy technologies, especially for space cooling and heating applications. In this regard, the use of solar thermal concentrating collectors is of vital importance. The performance of these collectors increases by using an efficient fluid such as a nanofluid due to their high thermal conductivity. This research addresses the preparation, stability analysis, and characterisation of metallic and non-metallic oxide nanofluids and their experimental analysis in a compound parabolic collector (CPC) system. Five different combinations of nanofluids are used with different volumetric concentrations (0.025%, 0.05%, and 0.075%) including multi-wall carbon nanotube with water (MWCNT–H<sub>2</sub>O), multi-wall carbon nanotube with ethylene glycol (MWCNT–EG), aluminium oxide with water (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O), aluminium oxide with ethylene glycol (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–EG), and magnesium oxide with ethylene glycol (MgO–EG). The prepared nanofluids are characterised in terms of thermal conductivity and viscosity. Detailed experimentation is performed to investigate the CPC system integrated with the nanofluids. The results obtained from the detailed characterisation of the MWCNT–H<sub>2</sub>O nanofluid showed that the nanofluids have a 37.17% better thermal conductivity than distilled water as a primary fluid, and the MWCNT–EG nanofluid has demonstrated an increase in viscosity by 8.5% compared to ethylene glycol (EG). The experimental analysis revealed that the thermal efficiency of the collector integrated with the MWCNT–H<sub>2</sub>O nanofluid is increased by 33% compared to water. Meanwhile, the thermal efficiency of the collector with MWCNT–EG was increased by 24.9% compared to EG. Moreover, a comparative analysis among metallic nanofluids was also performed, i.e., Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–EG, and MgO–EG. In each case, the thermal efficiency of the collector was recorded, which was greater than the base fluid by percentages of 29.4%, 22.29%, and 23.1%, respectively. The efficiency of non-metallic nanofluids is better than metallic nanofluids by 7.7%. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the CPC system performed best with MWCNT–H<sub>2</sub>O compared to any other combination of nanofluids. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:46:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ae6315e4d10344f7974b039816407dd6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:46:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-ae6315e4d10344f7974b039816407dd62023-11-16T16:35:29ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-01-01163129810.3390/en16031298Performance Characteristic Analysis of Metallic and Non-Metallic Oxide Nanofluids for a Compound Parabolic Collector: Improvement of Renewable Energy Technologies in BuildingsMuhammad Kaleem0Muzaffar Ali1Nadeem Ahmed Sheikh2Javed Akhtar3Rasikh Tariq4Jaroslaw Krzywanski5Department of Energy Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47050, PakistanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47050, PakistanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47050, PakistanFacultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Av. Industrias No Contaminantes por Anillo Periférico Norte, Apdo. Postal 150, Cordemex, Mérida 97203, MexicoFaculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, PolandThe building sector is targeting net-zero emissions through the integration of renewable energy technologies, especially for space cooling and heating applications. In this regard, the use of solar thermal concentrating collectors is of vital importance. The performance of these collectors increases by using an efficient fluid such as a nanofluid due to their high thermal conductivity. This research addresses the preparation, stability analysis, and characterisation of metallic and non-metallic oxide nanofluids and their experimental analysis in a compound parabolic collector (CPC) system. Five different combinations of nanofluids are used with different volumetric concentrations (0.025%, 0.05%, and 0.075%) including multi-wall carbon nanotube with water (MWCNT–H<sub>2</sub>O), multi-wall carbon nanotube with ethylene glycol (MWCNT–EG), aluminium oxide with water (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O), aluminium oxide with ethylene glycol (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–EG), and magnesium oxide with ethylene glycol (MgO–EG). The prepared nanofluids are characterised in terms of thermal conductivity and viscosity. Detailed experimentation is performed to investigate the CPC system integrated with the nanofluids. The results obtained from the detailed characterisation of the MWCNT–H<sub>2</sub>O nanofluid showed that the nanofluids have a 37.17% better thermal conductivity than distilled water as a primary fluid, and the MWCNT–EG nanofluid has demonstrated an increase in viscosity by 8.5% compared to ethylene glycol (EG). The experimental analysis revealed that the thermal efficiency of the collector integrated with the MWCNT–H<sub>2</sub>O nanofluid is increased by 33% compared to water. Meanwhile, the thermal efficiency of the collector with MWCNT–EG was increased by 24.9% compared to EG. Moreover, a comparative analysis among metallic nanofluids was also performed, i.e., Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–EG, and MgO–EG. In each case, the thermal efficiency of the collector was recorded, which was greater than the base fluid by percentages of 29.4%, 22.29%, and 23.1%, respectively. The efficiency of non-metallic nanofluids is better than metallic nanofluids by 7.7%. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the CPC system performed best with MWCNT–H<sub>2</sub>O compared to any other combination of nanofluids.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/3/1298metallic oxide nanofluidnon-metallic oxide nanofluidthermal efficiencycompound parabolic collector |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Kaleem Muzaffar Ali Nadeem Ahmed Sheikh Javed Akhtar Rasikh Tariq Jaroslaw Krzywanski Performance Characteristic Analysis of Metallic and Non-Metallic Oxide Nanofluids for a Compound Parabolic Collector: Improvement of Renewable Energy Technologies in Buildings Energies metallic oxide nanofluid non-metallic oxide nanofluid thermal efficiency compound parabolic collector |
| title | Performance Characteristic Analysis of Metallic and Non-Metallic Oxide Nanofluids for a Compound Parabolic Collector: Improvement of Renewable Energy Technologies in Buildings |
| title_full | Performance Characteristic Analysis of Metallic and Non-Metallic Oxide Nanofluids for a Compound Parabolic Collector: Improvement of Renewable Energy Technologies in Buildings |
| title_fullStr | Performance Characteristic Analysis of Metallic and Non-Metallic Oxide Nanofluids for a Compound Parabolic Collector: Improvement of Renewable Energy Technologies in Buildings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance Characteristic Analysis of Metallic and Non-Metallic Oxide Nanofluids for a Compound Parabolic Collector: Improvement of Renewable Energy Technologies in Buildings |
| title_short | Performance Characteristic Analysis of Metallic and Non-Metallic Oxide Nanofluids for a Compound Parabolic Collector: Improvement of Renewable Energy Technologies in Buildings |
| title_sort | performance characteristic analysis of metallic and non metallic oxide nanofluids for a compound parabolic collector improvement of renewable energy technologies in buildings |
| topic | metallic oxide nanofluid non-metallic oxide nanofluid thermal efficiency compound parabolic collector |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/3/1298 |
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