Intelligent Shape Decoding of a Soft Optical Waveguide Sensor
Optical waveguides create interesting opportunities in the area of soft sensing and electronic skins due to their potential for high flexibility, quick response time, and compactness. The loss or change of light intensities inside a waveguide can be measured and converted into useful sensing feedbac...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2024-02-01
|
| Series: | Advanced Intelligent Systems |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202300082 |
| _version_ | 1797302296791482368 |
|---|---|
| author | Chi-Hin Mak Yingqi Li Kui Wang Mengjie Wu Justin Di-Lang Ho Qi Dou Kam-Yim Sze Kaspar Althoefer Ka-Wai Kwok |
| author_facet | Chi-Hin Mak Yingqi Li Kui Wang Mengjie Wu Justin Di-Lang Ho Qi Dou Kam-Yim Sze Kaspar Althoefer Ka-Wai Kwok |
| author_sort | Chi-Hin Mak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Optical waveguides create interesting opportunities in the area of soft sensing and electronic skins due to their potential for high flexibility, quick response time, and compactness. The loss or change of light intensities inside a waveguide can be measured and converted into useful sensing feedback such as strain or shape sensing. Compared to other approaches such as those based on microelectromechanical system modules or flexible conductors, the entire sensor state can be characterized by fewer sensing nodes and less encumbering wiring, allowing greater scalability. Herein, simple light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetectors (PDs) combined with an intelligent shape decoding framework are utilized to enable 3D shape sensing of a self‐contained flexible substrate. Multiphysics finite element analysis is leveraged to optimize the PDs/LEDs layout and enrich ground‐truth data from sparse to dense points for model training. The mapping from light intensities to overall sensor shape is achieved with an autoregression‐based model that considers temporal continuity and spatial locality. The sensing framework is evaluated on an A5‐sized flexible sensor prototype and a fish‐shaped prototype, where sensing accuracy (RMSE = 0.27 mm) and repeatability (Δ light intensity <0.31% over 1000 cycles) are tested underwater. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T23:34:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ae6526c1ed024d8d8f6c995063226c95 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2640-4567 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T23:34:46Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Intelligent Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-ae6526c1ed024d8d8f6c995063226c952024-02-20T08:47:55ZengWileyAdvanced Intelligent Systems2640-45672024-02-0162n/an/a10.1002/aisy.202300082Intelligent Shape Decoding of a Soft Optical Waveguide SensorChi-Hin Mak0Yingqi Li1Kui Wang2Mengjie Wu3Justin Di-Lang Ho4Qi Dou5Kam-Yim Sze6Kaspar Althoefer7Ka-Wai Kwok8Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 P. R. ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 P. R. ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 P. R. ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 P. R. ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 P. R. ChinaDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 P. R. ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 P. R. ChinaSchool of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UKDepartment of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 P. R. ChinaOptical waveguides create interesting opportunities in the area of soft sensing and electronic skins due to their potential for high flexibility, quick response time, and compactness. The loss or change of light intensities inside a waveguide can be measured and converted into useful sensing feedback such as strain or shape sensing. Compared to other approaches such as those based on microelectromechanical system modules or flexible conductors, the entire sensor state can be characterized by fewer sensing nodes and less encumbering wiring, allowing greater scalability. Herein, simple light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetectors (PDs) combined with an intelligent shape decoding framework are utilized to enable 3D shape sensing of a self‐contained flexible substrate. Multiphysics finite element analysis is leveraged to optimize the PDs/LEDs layout and enrich ground‐truth data from sparse to dense points for model training. The mapping from light intensities to overall sensor shape is achieved with an autoregression‐based model that considers temporal continuity and spatial locality. The sensing framework is evaluated on an A5‐sized flexible sensor prototype and a fish‐shaped prototype, where sensing accuracy (RMSE = 0.27 mm) and repeatability (Δ light intensity <0.31% over 1000 cycles) are tested underwater.https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202300082autoregressive modelingmultiphysics finite element analysis (FEA)optical waveguidesoft sensing |
| spellingShingle | Chi-Hin Mak Yingqi Li Kui Wang Mengjie Wu Justin Di-Lang Ho Qi Dou Kam-Yim Sze Kaspar Althoefer Ka-Wai Kwok Intelligent Shape Decoding of a Soft Optical Waveguide Sensor Advanced Intelligent Systems autoregressive modeling multiphysics finite element analysis (FEA) optical waveguide soft sensing |
| title | Intelligent Shape Decoding of a Soft Optical Waveguide Sensor |
| title_full | Intelligent Shape Decoding of a Soft Optical Waveguide Sensor |
| title_fullStr | Intelligent Shape Decoding of a Soft Optical Waveguide Sensor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intelligent Shape Decoding of a Soft Optical Waveguide Sensor |
| title_short | Intelligent Shape Decoding of a Soft Optical Waveguide Sensor |
| title_sort | intelligent shape decoding of a soft optical waveguide sensor |
| topic | autoregressive modeling multiphysics finite element analysis (FEA) optical waveguide soft sensing |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202300082 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chihinmak intelligentshapedecodingofasoftopticalwaveguidesensor AT yingqili intelligentshapedecodingofasoftopticalwaveguidesensor AT kuiwang intelligentshapedecodingofasoftopticalwaveguidesensor AT mengjiewu intelligentshapedecodingofasoftopticalwaveguidesensor AT justindilangho intelligentshapedecodingofasoftopticalwaveguidesensor AT qidou intelligentshapedecodingofasoftopticalwaveguidesensor AT kamyimsze intelligentshapedecodingofasoftopticalwaveguidesensor AT kasparalthoefer intelligentshapedecodingofasoftopticalwaveguidesensor AT kawaikwok intelligentshapedecodingofasoftopticalwaveguidesensor |