Mosquito-Borne Arboviruses Occurrence and Distribution in the Last Three Decades in Central Africa: A Systematic Literature Review
Arboviruses represent a real public health problem globally and in the Central African subregion in particular, which represents a high-risk zone for the emergence and re-emergence of arbovirus outbreaks. Furthermore, an updated review on the current arbovirus burden and associated mosquito vectors...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/1/4 |
| _version_ | 1797339635322454016 |
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| author | Natacha Poungou Silas Lendzele Sevidzem Aubin Armel Koumba Christophe Roland Zinga Koumba Phillipe Mbehang Richard Onanga Julien Zahouli Bi Zahouli Gael Darren Maganga Luc Salako Djogbénou Steffen Borrmann Ayola Akim Adegnika Stefanie C. Becker Jacques François Mavoungou Rodrigue Mintsa Nguéma |
| author_facet | Natacha Poungou Silas Lendzele Sevidzem Aubin Armel Koumba Christophe Roland Zinga Koumba Phillipe Mbehang Richard Onanga Julien Zahouli Bi Zahouli Gael Darren Maganga Luc Salako Djogbénou Steffen Borrmann Ayola Akim Adegnika Stefanie C. Becker Jacques François Mavoungou Rodrigue Mintsa Nguéma |
| author_sort | Natacha Poungou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Arboviruses represent a real public health problem globally and in the Central African subregion in particular, which represents a high-risk zone for the emergence and re-emergence of arbovirus outbreaks. Furthermore, an updated review on the current arbovirus burden and associated mosquito vectors is lacking for this region. To contribute to filling this knowledge gap, the current study was designed with the following objectives: (i) to systematically review data on the occurrence and distribution of arboviruses and mosquito fauna; and (ii) to identify potential spillover mosquito species in the Central African region in the last 30 years. A web search enabled the documentation of 2454 articles from different online databases. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and the quality of reporting of meta-analyses (QUORUM) steps for a systematic review enabled the selection of 164 articles that fulfilled our selection criteria. Of the six arboviruses (dengue virus (DENV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), yellow fever virus (YFV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), and West Nile virus (WNV)) of public health concern studied, the most frequently reported were chikungunya and dengue. The entomological records showed >248 species of mosquitoes regrouped under 15 genera, with <i>Anopheles</i> (<i>n</i> = 100 species), <i>Culex</i> (<i>n</i> = 56 species), and <i>Aedes</i> (<i>n</i> = 52 species) having high species diversity. Three genera were rarely represented, with only one species included, namely, <i>Orthopodomyia</i>, <i>Lutzia</i>, and <i>Verrallina</i>, but individuals of the genera <i>Toxorhinchites</i> and <i>Finlayas</i> were not identified at the species level. We found that two <i>Aedes</i> species (<i>Ae. aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i>) colonised the same microhabitat and were involved in major epidemics of the six medically important arboviruses, and other less-frequently identified mosquito genera consisted of competent species and were associated with outbreaks of medical and zoonotic arboviruses. The present study reveals a high species richness of competent mosquito vectors that could lead to the spillover of medically important arboviruses in the region. Although epidemiological studies were found, they were not regularly documented, and this also applies to vector competence and transmission studies. Future studies will consider unpublished information in dissertations and technical reports from different countries to allow their information to be more consistent. A regional project, entitled “Ecology of Arboviruses” (EcoVir), is underway in three countries (Gabon, Benin, and Cote d’Ivoire) to generate a more comprehensive epidemiological and entomological data on this topic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:51:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ae75c79d14e2494499212a95ea1eaddd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:51:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-ae75c79d14e2494499212a95ea1eaddd2024-01-29T14:05:23ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-12-01121410.3390/microorganisms12010004Mosquito-Borne Arboviruses Occurrence and Distribution in the Last Three Decades in Central Africa: A Systematic Literature ReviewNatacha Poungou0Silas Lendzele Sevidzem1Aubin Armel Koumba2Christophe Roland Zinga Koumba3Phillipe Mbehang4Richard Onanga5Julien Zahouli Bi Zahouli6Gael Darren Maganga7Luc Salako Djogbénou8Steffen Borrmann9Ayola Akim Adegnika10Stefanie C. Becker11Jacques François Mavoungou12Rodrigue Mintsa Nguéma13Ecole Doctorale Regionale en Infectiologie Tropical de Franceville (EDR), University of Science and Technique of Masuku (USTM), Franceville P.O. Box 943, GabonLaboratoire d’Ecologie des Maladies Transmissibles (LEMAT), Université Libreville Nord (ULN), Libreville P.O. Box 1177, GabonDépartement de Biologie et Ecologie Animale, Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET-CENAREST), Libreville P.O. Box 13354, GabonDépartement de Biologie et Ecologie Animale, Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET-CENAREST), Libreville P.O. Box 13354, GabonDépartement de Biologie et Ecologie Animale, Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET-CENAREST), Libreville P.O. Box 13354, GabonCenter of Interdisciplinary Medical Analysis of Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville P.O. Box 769, GabonCentre d’Entomologie Médicale et Vétérinaire, Université Alassane Ouattara, Bouaké 01 BPV 18, Côte d’IvoireCenter of Interdisciplinary Medical Analysis of Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville P.O. Box 769, GabonUniversité d’Abomey-Calavi, Institut Régional de Santé Publique, Ouidah P.O. Box 384, BeninInstitute for Tropical Medicine (ITM), University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, GermanyCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné P.O. Box 242, GabonInstitute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, GermanyDépartement de Biologie et Ecologie Animale, Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET-CENAREST), Libreville P.O. Box 13354, GabonLaboratoire d’Ecologie des Maladies Transmissibles (LEMAT), Université Libreville Nord (ULN), Libreville P.O. Box 1177, GabonArboviruses represent a real public health problem globally and in the Central African subregion in particular, which represents a high-risk zone for the emergence and re-emergence of arbovirus outbreaks. Furthermore, an updated review on the current arbovirus burden and associated mosquito vectors is lacking for this region. To contribute to filling this knowledge gap, the current study was designed with the following objectives: (i) to systematically review data on the occurrence and distribution of arboviruses and mosquito fauna; and (ii) to identify potential spillover mosquito species in the Central African region in the last 30 years. A web search enabled the documentation of 2454 articles from different online databases. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and the quality of reporting of meta-analyses (QUORUM) steps for a systematic review enabled the selection of 164 articles that fulfilled our selection criteria. Of the six arboviruses (dengue virus (DENV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), yellow fever virus (YFV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), and West Nile virus (WNV)) of public health concern studied, the most frequently reported were chikungunya and dengue. The entomological records showed >248 species of mosquitoes regrouped under 15 genera, with <i>Anopheles</i> (<i>n</i> = 100 species), <i>Culex</i> (<i>n</i> = 56 species), and <i>Aedes</i> (<i>n</i> = 52 species) having high species diversity. Three genera were rarely represented, with only one species included, namely, <i>Orthopodomyia</i>, <i>Lutzia</i>, and <i>Verrallina</i>, but individuals of the genera <i>Toxorhinchites</i> and <i>Finlayas</i> were not identified at the species level. We found that two <i>Aedes</i> species (<i>Ae. aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i>) colonised the same microhabitat and were involved in major epidemics of the six medically important arboviruses, and other less-frequently identified mosquito genera consisted of competent species and were associated with outbreaks of medical and zoonotic arboviruses. The present study reveals a high species richness of competent mosquito vectors that could lead to the spillover of medically important arboviruses in the region. Although epidemiological studies were found, they were not regularly documented, and this also applies to vector competence and transmission studies. Future studies will consider unpublished information in dissertations and technical reports from different countries to allow their information to be more consistent. A regional project, entitled “Ecology of Arboviruses” (EcoVir), is underway in three countries (Gabon, Benin, and Cote d’Ivoire) to generate a more comprehensive epidemiological and entomological data on this topic.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/1/4arbovirusesmosquitoesepidemicstransmissionCentral Africa |
| spellingShingle | Natacha Poungou Silas Lendzele Sevidzem Aubin Armel Koumba Christophe Roland Zinga Koumba Phillipe Mbehang Richard Onanga Julien Zahouli Bi Zahouli Gael Darren Maganga Luc Salako Djogbénou Steffen Borrmann Ayola Akim Adegnika Stefanie C. Becker Jacques François Mavoungou Rodrigue Mintsa Nguéma Mosquito-Borne Arboviruses Occurrence and Distribution in the Last Three Decades in Central Africa: A Systematic Literature Review Microorganisms arboviruses mosquitoes epidemics transmission Central Africa |
| title | Mosquito-Borne Arboviruses Occurrence and Distribution in the Last Three Decades in Central Africa: A Systematic Literature Review |
| title_full | Mosquito-Borne Arboviruses Occurrence and Distribution in the Last Three Decades in Central Africa: A Systematic Literature Review |
| title_fullStr | Mosquito-Borne Arboviruses Occurrence and Distribution in the Last Three Decades in Central Africa: A Systematic Literature Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mosquito-Borne Arboviruses Occurrence and Distribution in the Last Three Decades in Central Africa: A Systematic Literature Review |
| title_short | Mosquito-Borne Arboviruses Occurrence and Distribution in the Last Three Decades in Central Africa: A Systematic Literature Review |
| title_sort | mosquito borne arboviruses occurrence and distribution in the last three decades in central africa a systematic literature review |
| topic | arboviruses mosquitoes epidemics transmission Central Africa |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/1/4 |
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