Evidence of Brucellosis in Hospitalized Patients of Selected Districts of Punjab, Pakistan
Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis worldwide and a potential health risk in Pakistan due to socio-economic reasons and lack of awareness, veterinary health and modern dairy-processing facilities. The aim of this study was to determine the burden of brucellosis in hospitalized patients of selected d...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Research |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/14/3/61 |
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| author | Amna Azam Shahid Saleem Pall Iahtasham Khan Waqas Ahmad Tariq Jamil Abdul Rehman Muhammad Imran Wasim Shehzad Falk Melzer Muhammad Fiaz Qamar Hosny El-Adawy |
| author_facet | Amna Azam Shahid Saleem Pall Iahtasham Khan Waqas Ahmad Tariq Jamil Abdul Rehman Muhammad Imran Wasim Shehzad Falk Melzer Muhammad Fiaz Qamar Hosny El-Adawy |
| author_sort | Amna Azam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis worldwide and a potential health risk in Pakistan due to socio-economic reasons and lack of awareness, veterinary health and modern dairy-processing facilities. The aim of this study was to determine the burden of brucellosis in hospitalized patients of selected districts of Punjab, Pakistan. To this end, a total of 280 serum samples were collected from suspected patients in districts Lahore, Okara and Khushab between 2016 and 2018. Anti-<i>Brucella</i> antibodies were detected in 89 (31.8%) sera by Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), and <i>Brucella abortus</i> DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 42 (15%) samples. In univariable analysis, the seroprevalence varied significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) between districts with Lahore indicating 41/101 (40.6%) Odds ratio (OR) = 53.98 (7.22–403.67; 95% CI), Okara 47/99 (47.5%) OR = 71.4 (9.55–533.65; 95% CI) and Khushab 1/80 (1.3%) as reference. Similarly, exposure to aborted materials and a history of blood transfusion did associate significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05), posing OR = 2.91 (1.58–5.36; 95% CI) and OR = 4.48 (2.56–7.84; 95% CI) risk. However, consumption of raw milk and history of blood transfusion did associate significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in multivariable analysis indicating OR = 1.91 (1.09–3.34; 95% CI) and OR = 4.92 (2.76–8.75; 95% CI), respectively. The association of history of blood transfusion as a brucellosis risk factor underscores the need to create brucellosis awareness programs both at public and institutional levels in the medical and veterinary fields, as well as facilities and capacity building to delve deeper into the epidemiology of brucellosis in the country. Particular attention should be paid to chronically infected patients. Therefore, laboratory modernization, standardization and validation of the diagnostic tests, and staff trainings are required. Finally, pasteurization of the milk is recommended before consumption. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:28:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ae7ab311fc0e484bbdf11634bbed8ae5 |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:28:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
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| series | Microbiology Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-ae7ab311fc0e484bbdf11634bbed8ae52023-11-19T11:58:08ZengMDPI AGMicrobiology Research2036-74812023-07-0114388389110.3390/microbiolres14030061Evidence of Brucellosis in Hospitalized Patients of Selected Districts of Punjab, PakistanAmna Azam0Shahid Saleem Pall1Iahtasham Khan2Waqas Ahmad3Tariq Jamil4Abdul Rehman5Muhammad Imran6Wasim Shehzad7Falk Melzer8Muhammad Fiaz Qamar9Hosny El-Adawy10Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54100, PakistanSection of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Sub-Campus, Jhang 35200, PakistanSection of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Sub-Campus, Jhang 35200, PakistanDepartment of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Narowal Campus, Narowal 51600, PakistanSection of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Sub-Campus, Jhang 35200, PakistanDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54100, PakistanInstitute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54100, PakistanInstitute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54100, PakistanInstitute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, GermanyDepartment of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Sub-Campus, Jhang 35200, PakistanInstitute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, GermanyBrucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis worldwide and a potential health risk in Pakistan due to socio-economic reasons and lack of awareness, veterinary health and modern dairy-processing facilities. The aim of this study was to determine the burden of brucellosis in hospitalized patients of selected districts of Punjab, Pakistan. To this end, a total of 280 serum samples were collected from suspected patients in districts Lahore, Okara and Khushab between 2016 and 2018. Anti-<i>Brucella</i> antibodies were detected in 89 (31.8%) sera by Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), and <i>Brucella abortus</i> DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 42 (15%) samples. In univariable analysis, the seroprevalence varied significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) between districts with Lahore indicating 41/101 (40.6%) Odds ratio (OR) = 53.98 (7.22–403.67; 95% CI), Okara 47/99 (47.5%) OR = 71.4 (9.55–533.65; 95% CI) and Khushab 1/80 (1.3%) as reference. Similarly, exposure to aborted materials and a history of blood transfusion did associate significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05), posing OR = 2.91 (1.58–5.36; 95% CI) and OR = 4.48 (2.56–7.84; 95% CI) risk. However, consumption of raw milk and history of blood transfusion did associate significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in multivariable analysis indicating OR = 1.91 (1.09–3.34; 95% CI) and OR = 4.92 (2.76–8.75; 95% CI), respectively. The association of history of blood transfusion as a brucellosis risk factor underscores the need to create brucellosis awareness programs both at public and institutional levels in the medical and veterinary fields, as well as facilities and capacity building to delve deeper into the epidemiology of brucellosis in the country. Particular attention should be paid to chronically infected patients. Therefore, laboratory modernization, standardization and validation of the diagnostic tests, and staff trainings are required. Finally, pasteurization of the milk is recommended before consumption.https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/14/3/61brucellosiszoonosisRose Bengal plate testpolymerase chain reactionPakistan |
| spellingShingle | Amna Azam Shahid Saleem Pall Iahtasham Khan Waqas Ahmad Tariq Jamil Abdul Rehman Muhammad Imran Wasim Shehzad Falk Melzer Muhammad Fiaz Qamar Hosny El-Adawy Evidence of Brucellosis in Hospitalized Patients of Selected Districts of Punjab, Pakistan Microbiology Research brucellosis zoonosis Rose Bengal plate test polymerase chain reaction Pakistan |
| title | Evidence of Brucellosis in Hospitalized Patients of Selected Districts of Punjab, Pakistan |
| title_full | Evidence of Brucellosis in Hospitalized Patients of Selected Districts of Punjab, Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Evidence of Brucellosis in Hospitalized Patients of Selected Districts of Punjab, Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evidence of Brucellosis in Hospitalized Patients of Selected Districts of Punjab, Pakistan |
| title_short | Evidence of Brucellosis in Hospitalized Patients of Selected Districts of Punjab, Pakistan |
| title_sort | evidence of brucellosis in hospitalized patients of selected districts of punjab pakistan |
| topic | brucellosis zoonosis Rose Bengal plate test polymerase chain reaction Pakistan |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/14/3/61 |
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