Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node immune cells during acute and chronic viral infections
IntroductionThe host immune response determines the differential outcome of acute or chronic viral infections. The comprehensive comparison of lymphoid tissue immune cells at the single-cell level between acute and chronic viral infections is largely insufficient.MethodsTo explore the landscape of i...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341985/full |
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| author | Yubei Jin Yudan He Bing Liu Xiaohui Zhang Caimei Song Yunchen Wu Wenjing Hu Yiwen Yan Nuo Chen Yingying Ding Yuanyuan Ou Yixiu Wu Mingxia Zhang Shaojun Xing |
| author_facet | Yubei Jin Yudan He Bing Liu Xiaohui Zhang Caimei Song Yunchen Wu Wenjing Hu Yiwen Yan Nuo Chen Yingying Ding Yuanyuan Ou Yixiu Wu Mingxia Zhang Shaojun Xing |
| author_sort | Yubei Jin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionThe host immune response determines the differential outcome of acute or chronic viral infections. The comprehensive comparison of lymphoid tissue immune cells at the single-cell level between acute and chronic viral infections is largely insufficient.MethodsTo explore the landscape of immune responses to acute and chronic viral infections, single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq), scTCR-seq and scBCR-seq were utilized to evaluate the longitudinal dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node CD45+ immune cells in mouse models of acute (LCMV Armstrong) and chronic (LCMV clone 13) viral infections.ResultsIn contrast with acute viral infection, chronic viral infection distinctly induced more robust NK cells and plasma cells at the early stage (Day 4 post-infection) and acute stage (Day 8 post-infection), respectively. Moreover, chronic viral infection exerted decreased but aberrantly activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) at the acute phase. Simultaneously, there were significantly increased IgA+ plasma cells (MALT B cells) but differential usage of B-cell receptors in chronic infection. In terms of T-cell responses, Gzma-high effector-like CD8+ T cells were significantly induced at the early stage in chronic infection, which showed temporally reversed gene expression throughout viral infection and the differential usage of the most dominant TCR clonotype. Chronic infection also induced more robust CD4+ T cell responses, including follicular helper T cells (Tfh) and regulatory T cells (Treg). In addition, chronic infection compromised the TCR diversity in both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells.DiscussionIn conclusion, gene expression and TCR/BCR immune repertoire profiling at the single-cell level in this study provide new insights into the dynamic and differential immune responses to acute and chronic viral infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:14:52Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:14:52Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ae7fd8f079f94c19813d2e9b2bf32c242024-01-29T04:26:49ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242024-01-011510.3389/fimmu.2024.13419851341985Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node immune cells during acute and chronic viral infectionsYubei Jin0Yudan He1Bing Liu2Xiaohui Zhang3Caimei Song4Yunchen Wu5Wenjing Hu6Yiwen Yan7Nuo Chen8Yingying Ding9Yuanyuan Ou10Yixiu Wu11Mingxia Zhang12Shaojun Xing13Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, ChinaDepartment of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, ChinaDepartment of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, ChinaInstitute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaIntroductionThe host immune response determines the differential outcome of acute or chronic viral infections. The comprehensive comparison of lymphoid tissue immune cells at the single-cell level between acute and chronic viral infections is largely insufficient.MethodsTo explore the landscape of immune responses to acute and chronic viral infections, single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq), scTCR-seq and scBCR-seq were utilized to evaluate the longitudinal dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node CD45+ immune cells in mouse models of acute (LCMV Armstrong) and chronic (LCMV clone 13) viral infections.ResultsIn contrast with acute viral infection, chronic viral infection distinctly induced more robust NK cells and plasma cells at the early stage (Day 4 post-infection) and acute stage (Day 8 post-infection), respectively. Moreover, chronic viral infection exerted decreased but aberrantly activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) at the acute phase. Simultaneously, there were significantly increased IgA+ plasma cells (MALT B cells) but differential usage of B-cell receptors in chronic infection. In terms of T-cell responses, Gzma-high effector-like CD8+ T cells were significantly induced at the early stage in chronic infection, which showed temporally reversed gene expression throughout viral infection and the differential usage of the most dominant TCR clonotype. Chronic infection also induced more robust CD4+ T cell responses, including follicular helper T cells (Tfh) and regulatory T cells (Treg). In addition, chronic infection compromised the TCR diversity in both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells.DiscussionIn conclusion, gene expression and TCR/BCR immune repertoire profiling at the single-cell level in this study provide new insights into the dynamic and differential immune responses to acute and chronic viral infections.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341985/fullchronic viral infectionacute viral infectionScRNA-seqscBCR-seqscTCR-seqimmune landscape |
| spellingShingle | Yubei Jin Yudan He Bing Liu Xiaohui Zhang Caimei Song Yunchen Wu Wenjing Hu Yiwen Yan Nuo Chen Yingying Ding Yuanyuan Ou Yixiu Wu Mingxia Zhang Shaojun Xing Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node immune cells during acute and chronic viral infections Frontiers in Immunology chronic viral infection acute viral infection ScRNA-seq scBCR-seq scTCR-seq immune landscape |
| title | Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node immune cells during acute and chronic viral infections |
| title_full | Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node immune cells during acute and chronic viral infections |
| title_fullStr | Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node immune cells during acute and chronic viral infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node immune cells during acute and chronic viral infections |
| title_short | Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node immune cells during acute and chronic viral infections |
| title_sort | single cell rna sequencing reveals the dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node immune cells during acute and chronic viral infections |
| topic | chronic viral infection acute viral infection ScRNA-seq scBCR-seq scTCR-seq immune landscape |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341985/full |
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