Non-Invasive Early Molecular Detection of Gastric Cancers
Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant source of global cancer death with a high mortality rate, because the majority of patients with GC are diagnosed at a late stage, with limited therapeutic choices and poor outcomes. Therefore, development of minimally invasive or noninvasive biomarkers which are...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/10/2880 |
| _version_ | 1797551648573227008 |
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| author | Hiroyuki Yamamoto Yoshiyuki Watanabe Yoshinori Sato Tadateru Maehata Fumio Itoh |
| author_facet | Hiroyuki Yamamoto Yoshiyuki Watanabe Yoshinori Sato Tadateru Maehata Fumio Itoh |
| author_sort | Hiroyuki Yamamoto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant source of global cancer death with a high mortality rate, because the majority of patients with GC are diagnosed at a late stage, with limited therapeutic choices and poor outcomes. Therefore, development of minimally invasive or noninvasive biomarkers which are specific to GC is crucially needed. The latest advancements in the understanding of GC molecular landscapes and molecular biological methods have accelerated attempts to diagnose GC at an early stage. Body fluids, including peripheral blood, saliva, gastric juice/wash, urine, and others, can be a source of biomarkers, offering new methods for the early detection of GC. Liquid biopsy-based methods using circulating sources of cancer nucleic acids could also be considered as alternative strategies. Moreover, investigating gastric juices/washes could represent an alternative for the detection of GC via invasive biopsy. This review summarizes recently reported biomarkers based on DNA methylation, microRNA, long noncoding RNA, circular RNA, or extracellular vesicles (exosomes) for the detection of GC. Although the majority of studies have been conducted to detect these alterations in advanced-stage GC and only a few in population studies or early-stage GC, some biomarkers are potentially valuable for the development of novel approaches for an early noninvasive detection of GC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:48:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ae809c89d6a64f5db558a6c0adbbd728 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:48:03Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-ae809c89d6a64f5db558a6c0adbbd7282023-11-20T16:18:49ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-10-011210288010.3390/cancers12102880Non-Invasive Early Molecular Detection of Gastric CancersHiroyuki Yamamoto0Yoshiyuki Watanabe1Yoshinori Sato2Tadateru Maehata3Fumio Itoh4Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, JapanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, JapanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, JapanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, JapanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, JapanGastric cancer (GC) is a significant source of global cancer death with a high mortality rate, because the majority of patients with GC are diagnosed at a late stage, with limited therapeutic choices and poor outcomes. Therefore, development of minimally invasive or noninvasive biomarkers which are specific to GC is crucially needed. The latest advancements in the understanding of GC molecular landscapes and molecular biological methods have accelerated attempts to diagnose GC at an early stage. Body fluids, including peripheral blood, saliva, gastric juice/wash, urine, and others, can be a source of biomarkers, offering new methods for the early detection of GC. Liquid biopsy-based methods using circulating sources of cancer nucleic acids could also be considered as alternative strategies. Moreover, investigating gastric juices/washes could represent an alternative for the detection of GC via invasive biopsy. This review summarizes recently reported biomarkers based on DNA methylation, microRNA, long noncoding RNA, circular RNA, or extracellular vesicles (exosomes) for the detection of GC. Although the majority of studies have been conducted to detect these alterations in advanced-stage GC and only a few in population studies or early-stage GC, some biomarkers are potentially valuable for the development of novel approaches for an early noninvasive detection of GC.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/10/2880liquid biopsyDNA methylationmicroRNAlong noncoding RNAcircular RNAextracellular vesicles |
| spellingShingle | Hiroyuki Yamamoto Yoshiyuki Watanabe Yoshinori Sato Tadateru Maehata Fumio Itoh Non-Invasive Early Molecular Detection of Gastric Cancers Cancers liquid biopsy DNA methylation microRNA long noncoding RNA circular RNA extracellular vesicles |
| title | Non-Invasive Early Molecular Detection of Gastric Cancers |
| title_full | Non-Invasive Early Molecular Detection of Gastric Cancers |
| title_fullStr | Non-Invasive Early Molecular Detection of Gastric Cancers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-Invasive Early Molecular Detection of Gastric Cancers |
| title_short | Non-Invasive Early Molecular Detection of Gastric Cancers |
| title_sort | non invasive early molecular detection of gastric cancers |
| topic | liquid biopsy DNA methylation microRNA long noncoding RNA circular RNA extracellular vesicles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/10/2880 |
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