Non-Coding RNAs, a Novel Paradigm for the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal malignancies found in the gastrointestinal tract. At a molecular level, most GISTs are characterized by gain-of-function mutations in V-Kit Hardy–Zuckerman 4 Feline Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (<i>KIT</i>) and Pla...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/18/6975 |
| _version_ | 1797552921235161088 |
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| author | Azadeh Amirnasr Stefan Sleijfer Erik A. C. Wiemer |
| author_facet | Azadeh Amirnasr Stefan Sleijfer Erik A. C. Wiemer |
| author_sort | Azadeh Amirnasr |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal malignancies found in the gastrointestinal tract. At a molecular level, most GISTs are characterized by gain-of-function mutations in V-Kit Hardy–Zuckerman 4 Feline Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (<i>KIT</i>) and Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha (<i>PDGFRA</i>), leading to constitutive activated signaling through these receptor tyrosine kinases, which drive GIST pathogenesis. In addition to surgery, treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib forms the mainstay of GIST treatment, particularly in the advanced setting. Nevertheless, the majority of GISTs develop imatinib resistance. Biomarkers that indicate metastasis, drug resistance and disease progression early on could be of great clinical value. Likewise, novel treatment strategies that overcome resistance mechanisms are equally needed. Non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, can be employed as diagnostic, prognostic or predictive biomarkers and have therapeutic potential. Here we review which non-coding RNAs are deregulated in GISTs, whether they can be linked to specific clinicopathological features and discuss how they can be used to improve the clinical management of GISTs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:07:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ae860dd6ccc64838b7725f870d8a2c42 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:07:57Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ae860dd6ccc64838b7725f870d8a2c422023-11-20T14:43:05ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-09-012118697510.3390/ijms21186975Non-Coding RNAs, a Novel Paradigm for the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal TumorsAzadeh Amirnasr0Stefan Sleijfer1Erik A. C. Wiemer2Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The NetherlandsGastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal malignancies found in the gastrointestinal tract. At a molecular level, most GISTs are characterized by gain-of-function mutations in V-Kit Hardy–Zuckerman 4 Feline Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (<i>KIT</i>) and Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha (<i>PDGFRA</i>), leading to constitutive activated signaling through these receptor tyrosine kinases, which drive GIST pathogenesis. In addition to surgery, treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib forms the mainstay of GIST treatment, particularly in the advanced setting. Nevertheless, the majority of GISTs develop imatinib resistance. Biomarkers that indicate metastasis, drug resistance and disease progression early on could be of great clinical value. Likewise, novel treatment strategies that overcome resistance mechanisms are equally needed. Non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, can be employed as diagnostic, prognostic or predictive biomarkers and have therapeutic potential. Here we review which non-coding RNAs are deregulated in GISTs, whether they can be linked to specific clinicopathological features and discuss how they can be used to improve the clinical management of GISTs.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/18/6975microRNAlong non-coding RNAsGISTbiomarkertherapy |
| spellingShingle | Azadeh Amirnasr Stefan Sleijfer Erik A. C. Wiemer Non-Coding RNAs, a Novel Paradigm for the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors International Journal of Molecular Sciences microRNA long non-coding RNAs GIST biomarker therapy |
| title | Non-Coding RNAs, a Novel Paradigm for the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_full | Non-Coding RNAs, a Novel Paradigm for the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_fullStr | Non-Coding RNAs, a Novel Paradigm for the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-Coding RNAs, a Novel Paradigm for the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_short | Non-Coding RNAs, a Novel Paradigm for the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_sort | non coding rnas a novel paradigm for the management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors |
| topic | microRNA long non-coding RNAs GIST biomarker therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/18/6975 |
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