A molecular analysis of desiccation tolerance mechanisms in the anhydrobiotic nematode <it>Panagrolaimus superbus </it>using expressed sequenced tags
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Some organisms can survive extreme desiccation by entering into a state of suspended animation known as anhydrobiosis. <it>Panagrolaimus superbus </it>is a free-living anhydrobiotic nematode that can survive rapid environ...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2012-01-01
|
| Series: | BMC Research Notes |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1756-0500/5/68 |
| _version_ | 1811283756592398336 |
|---|---|
| author | Tyson Trevor O'Mahony Zamora Georgina Wong Simon Skelton Máirin Daly Brian Jones John T Mulvihill Eoin D Elsworth Benjamin Phillips Mark Blaxter Mark Burnell Ann M |
| author_facet | Tyson Trevor O'Mahony Zamora Georgina Wong Simon Skelton Máirin Daly Brian Jones John T Mulvihill Eoin D Elsworth Benjamin Phillips Mark Blaxter Mark Burnell Ann M |
| author_sort | Tyson Trevor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Some organisms can survive extreme desiccation by entering into a state of suspended animation known as anhydrobiosis. <it>Panagrolaimus superbus </it>is a free-living anhydrobiotic nematode that can survive rapid environmental desiccation. The mechanisms that <it>P. superbus </it>uses to combat the potentially lethal effects of cellular dehydration may include the constitutive and inducible expression of protective molecules, along with behavioural and/or morphological adaptations that slow the rate of cellular water loss. In addition, inducible repair and revival programmes may also be required for successful rehydration and recovery from anhydrobiosis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>To identify constitutively expressed candidate anhydrobiotic genes we obtained 9,216 ESTs from an unstressed mixed stage population of <it>P. superbus</it>. We derived 4,009 unigenes from these ESTs. These unigene annotations and sequences can be accessed at <url>http://www.nematodes.org/nembase4/species_info.php?species=PSC</url>. We manually annotated a set of 187 constitutively expressed candidate anhydrobiotic genes from <it>P. superbus</it>. Notable among those is a putative lineage expansion of the <it>lea </it>(late embryogenesis abundant) gene family. The most abundantly expressed sequence was a member of the nematode specific <it>sxp/ral-2 </it>family that is highly expressed in parasitic nematodes and secreted onto the surface of the nematodes' cuticles. There were 2,059 novel unigenes (51.7% of the total), 149 of which are predicted to encode intrinsically disordered proteins lacking a fixed tertiary structure. One unigene may encode an exo-β-1,3-glucanase (GHF5 family), most similar to a sequence from <it>Phytophthora infestans</it>. GHF5 enzymes have been reported from several species of plant parasitic nematodes, with horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from bacteria proposed to explain their evolutionary origin. This <it>P. superbus </it>sequence represents another possible HGT event within the Nematoda. The expression of five of the 19 putative stress response genes tested was upregulated in response to desiccation. These were the antioxidants <it>glutathione peroxidase, dj-1 </it>and <it>1-Cys peroxiredoxin</it>, an <it>shsp </it>sequence and an <it>lea </it>gene.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p><it>P. superbus </it>appears to utilise a strategy of combined constitutive and inducible gene expression in preparation for entry into anhydrobiosis. The apparent lineage expansion of <it>lea </it>genes, together with their constitutive and inducible expression, suggests that LEA3 proteins are important components of the anhydrobiotic protection repertoire of <it>P. superbus</it>.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T02:18:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ae91b392729f449a9016bb080bd4e203 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-0500 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T02:18:25Z |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Research Notes |
| spelling | doaj.art-ae91b392729f449a9016bb080bd4e2032022-12-22T03:07:05ZengBMCBMC Research Notes1756-05002012-01-01516810.1186/1756-0500-5-68A molecular analysis of desiccation tolerance mechanisms in the anhydrobiotic nematode <it>Panagrolaimus superbus </it>using expressed sequenced tagsTyson TrevorO'Mahony Zamora GeorginaWong SimonSkelton MáirinDaly BrianJones John TMulvihill Eoin DElsworth BenjaminPhillips MarkBlaxter MarkBurnell Ann M<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Some organisms can survive extreme desiccation by entering into a state of suspended animation known as anhydrobiosis. <it>Panagrolaimus superbus </it>is a free-living anhydrobiotic nematode that can survive rapid environmental desiccation. The mechanisms that <it>P. superbus </it>uses to combat the potentially lethal effects of cellular dehydration may include the constitutive and inducible expression of protective molecules, along with behavioural and/or morphological adaptations that slow the rate of cellular water loss. In addition, inducible repair and revival programmes may also be required for successful rehydration and recovery from anhydrobiosis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>To identify constitutively expressed candidate anhydrobiotic genes we obtained 9,216 ESTs from an unstressed mixed stage population of <it>P. superbus</it>. We derived 4,009 unigenes from these ESTs. These unigene annotations and sequences can be accessed at <url>http://www.nematodes.org/nembase4/species_info.php?species=PSC</url>. We manually annotated a set of 187 constitutively expressed candidate anhydrobiotic genes from <it>P. superbus</it>. Notable among those is a putative lineage expansion of the <it>lea </it>(late embryogenesis abundant) gene family. The most abundantly expressed sequence was a member of the nematode specific <it>sxp/ral-2 </it>family that is highly expressed in parasitic nematodes and secreted onto the surface of the nematodes' cuticles. There were 2,059 novel unigenes (51.7% of the total), 149 of which are predicted to encode intrinsically disordered proteins lacking a fixed tertiary structure. One unigene may encode an exo-β-1,3-glucanase (GHF5 family), most similar to a sequence from <it>Phytophthora infestans</it>. GHF5 enzymes have been reported from several species of plant parasitic nematodes, with horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from bacteria proposed to explain their evolutionary origin. This <it>P. superbus </it>sequence represents another possible HGT event within the Nematoda. The expression of five of the 19 putative stress response genes tested was upregulated in response to desiccation. These were the antioxidants <it>glutathione peroxidase, dj-1 </it>and <it>1-Cys peroxiredoxin</it>, an <it>shsp </it>sequence and an <it>lea </it>gene.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p><it>P. superbus </it>appears to utilise a strategy of combined constitutive and inducible gene expression in preparation for entry into anhydrobiosis. The apparent lineage expansion of <it>lea </it>genes, together with their constitutive and inducible expression, suggests that LEA3 proteins are important components of the anhydrobiotic protection repertoire of <it>P. superbus</it>.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1756-0500/5/68 |
| spellingShingle | Tyson Trevor O'Mahony Zamora Georgina Wong Simon Skelton Máirin Daly Brian Jones John T Mulvihill Eoin D Elsworth Benjamin Phillips Mark Blaxter Mark Burnell Ann M A molecular analysis of desiccation tolerance mechanisms in the anhydrobiotic nematode <it>Panagrolaimus superbus </it>using expressed sequenced tags BMC Research Notes |
| title | A molecular analysis of desiccation tolerance mechanisms in the anhydrobiotic nematode <it>Panagrolaimus superbus </it>using expressed sequenced tags |
| title_full | A molecular analysis of desiccation tolerance mechanisms in the anhydrobiotic nematode <it>Panagrolaimus superbus </it>using expressed sequenced tags |
| title_fullStr | A molecular analysis of desiccation tolerance mechanisms in the anhydrobiotic nematode <it>Panagrolaimus superbus </it>using expressed sequenced tags |
| title_full_unstemmed | A molecular analysis of desiccation tolerance mechanisms in the anhydrobiotic nematode <it>Panagrolaimus superbus </it>using expressed sequenced tags |
| title_short | A molecular analysis of desiccation tolerance mechanisms in the anhydrobiotic nematode <it>Panagrolaimus superbus </it>using expressed sequenced tags |
| title_sort | molecular analysis of desiccation tolerance mechanisms in the anhydrobiotic nematode it panagrolaimus superbus it using expressed sequenced tags |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1756-0500/5/68 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tysontrevor amolecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT omahonyzamorageorgina amolecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT wongsimon amolecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT skeltonmairin amolecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT dalybrian amolecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT jonesjohnt amolecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT mulvihilleoind amolecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT elsworthbenjamin amolecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT phillipsmark amolecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT blaxtermark amolecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT burnellannm amolecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT tysontrevor molecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT omahonyzamorageorgina molecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT wongsimon molecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT skeltonmairin molecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT dalybrian molecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT jonesjohnt molecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT mulvihilleoind molecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT elsworthbenjamin molecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT phillipsmark molecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT blaxtermark molecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags AT burnellannm molecularanalysisofdesiccationtolerancemechanismsintheanhydrobioticnematodeitpanagrolaimussuperbusitusingexpressedsequencedtags |