Overexpression of Type 1 and 2 Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Genes (<i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i>) Enhances Oil Production in the Woody Perennial Biofuel Plant <i>Jatropha curcas</i>
Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) is the only enzyme that catalyzes the acyl-CoA-dependent acylation of sn-1, 2-diacylglycerol (DAG) to form triacylglycerol (TAG). The two main types of DGAT enzymes in the woody perennial biofuel plant <i>Jatropha curcas</i>, JcDGAT1 and JcDGAT2, wer...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/4/699 |
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| author | Tian-Tian Zhang Huiying He Chuan-Jia Xu Qiantang Fu Yan-Bin Tao Ronghua Xu Zeng-Fu Xu |
| author_facet | Tian-Tian Zhang Huiying He Chuan-Jia Xu Qiantang Fu Yan-Bin Tao Ronghua Xu Zeng-Fu Xu |
| author_sort | Tian-Tian Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) is the only enzyme that catalyzes the acyl-CoA-dependent acylation of sn-1, 2-diacylglycerol (DAG) to form triacylglycerol (TAG). The two main types of DGAT enzymes in the woody perennial biofuel plant <i>Jatropha curcas</i>, JcDGAT1 and JcDGAT2, were previously characterized only in heterologous systems. In this study, we investigated the functions of <i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i> in <i>J. curcas.</i><i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i> were found to be predominantly expressed during the late stages of <i>J. curcas</i> seed development, in which large amounts of oil accumulated. As expected, overexpression of <i>JcDGAT1</i> or <i>JcDGAT2</i> under the control of the <i>CaMV35S</i> promoter gave rise to an increase in seed kernel oil production, reaching a content of 53.7% and 55.7% of the seed kernel dry weight, respectively, which were respectively 25% and 29.6% higher than that of control plants. The increase in seed oil content was accompanied by decreases in the contents of protein and soluble sugars in the seeds. Simultaneously, there was a two- to four-fold higher leaf TAG content in transgenic plants than in control plants. Moreover, by analysis of the fatty acid (FA) profiles, we found that JcDGAT1 and JcDGAT2 had the same substrate specificity with preferences for C18:2 in seed TAGs, and C16:0, C18:0, and C18:1 in leaf TAGs. Therefore, our study confirms the important role of <i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i> in regulating oil production in <i>J. curcas</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:36:02Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:36:02Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-aebdc999b6f1413f80a66dcf796630ad2023-11-21T14:15:30ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-04-0110469910.3390/plants10040699Overexpression of Type 1 and 2 Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Genes (<i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i>) Enhances Oil Production in the Woody Perennial Biofuel Plant <i>Jatropha curcas</i>Tian-Tian Zhang0Huiying He1Chuan-Jia Xu2Qiantang Fu3Yan-Bin Tao4Ronghua Xu5Zeng-Fu Xu6School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, ChinaCollege of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, ChinaDiacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) is the only enzyme that catalyzes the acyl-CoA-dependent acylation of sn-1, 2-diacylglycerol (DAG) to form triacylglycerol (TAG). The two main types of DGAT enzymes in the woody perennial biofuel plant <i>Jatropha curcas</i>, JcDGAT1 and JcDGAT2, were previously characterized only in heterologous systems. In this study, we investigated the functions of <i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i> in <i>J. curcas.</i><i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i> were found to be predominantly expressed during the late stages of <i>J. curcas</i> seed development, in which large amounts of oil accumulated. As expected, overexpression of <i>JcDGAT1</i> or <i>JcDGAT2</i> under the control of the <i>CaMV35S</i> promoter gave rise to an increase in seed kernel oil production, reaching a content of 53.7% and 55.7% of the seed kernel dry weight, respectively, which were respectively 25% and 29.6% higher than that of control plants. The increase in seed oil content was accompanied by decreases in the contents of protein and soluble sugars in the seeds. Simultaneously, there was a two- to four-fold higher leaf TAG content in transgenic plants than in control plants. Moreover, by analysis of the fatty acid (FA) profiles, we found that JcDGAT1 and JcDGAT2 had the same substrate specificity with preferences for C18:2 in seed TAGs, and C16:0, C18:0, and C18:1 in leaf TAGs. Therefore, our study confirms the important role of <i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i> in regulating oil production in <i>J. curcas</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/4/699<i>J. curcas</i>oil contentTAGfatty acidseed kernelsleaves |
| spellingShingle | Tian-Tian Zhang Huiying He Chuan-Jia Xu Qiantang Fu Yan-Bin Tao Ronghua Xu Zeng-Fu Xu Overexpression of Type 1 and 2 Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Genes (<i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i>) Enhances Oil Production in the Woody Perennial Biofuel Plant <i>Jatropha curcas</i> Plants <i>J. curcas</i> oil content TAG fatty acid seed kernels leaves |
| title | Overexpression of Type 1 and 2 Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Genes (<i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i>) Enhances Oil Production in the Woody Perennial Biofuel Plant <i>Jatropha curcas</i> |
| title_full | Overexpression of Type 1 and 2 Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Genes (<i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i>) Enhances Oil Production in the Woody Perennial Biofuel Plant <i>Jatropha curcas</i> |
| title_fullStr | Overexpression of Type 1 and 2 Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Genes (<i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i>) Enhances Oil Production in the Woody Perennial Biofuel Plant <i>Jatropha curcas</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Overexpression of Type 1 and 2 Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Genes (<i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i>) Enhances Oil Production in the Woody Perennial Biofuel Plant <i>Jatropha curcas</i> |
| title_short | Overexpression of Type 1 and 2 Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Genes (<i>JcDGAT1</i> and <i>JcDGAT2</i>) Enhances Oil Production in the Woody Perennial Biofuel Plant <i>Jatropha curcas</i> |
| title_sort | overexpression of type 1 and 2 diacylglycerol acyltransferase genes i jcdgat1 i and i jcdgat2 i enhances oil production in the woody perennial biofuel plant i jatropha curcas i |
| topic | <i>J. curcas</i> oil content TAG fatty acid seed kernels leaves |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/4/699 |
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