Attentional Orienting by Non-informative Cue Is Shaped via Reinforcement Learning
It has been demonstrated that a reward-associated stimulus feature captures attention involuntarily. The present study tested whether spatial attentional orienting is biased via reinforcement learning. Participants were to identify a target stimulus presented in one of two placeholders, preceded by...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02884/full |
| _version_ | 1818875521726939136 |
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| author | Sang A. Cho Yang Seok Cho |
| author_facet | Sang A. Cho Yang Seok Cho |
| author_sort | Sang A. Cho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It has been demonstrated that a reward-associated stimulus feature captures attention involuntarily. The present study tested whether spatial attentional orienting is biased via reinforcement learning. Participants were to identify a target stimulus presented in one of two placeholders, preceded by a non-informative arrow cue at the center of the display. Importantly, reward was available when the target occurred at a location cued by a reward cue, defined as a specific color (experiments 1 and 3) or a color–direction combination (experiment 2). The attentional bias of the reward cue was significantly increased as trials progressed, resulting in a greater cue-validity effect for the reward cue than the no-reward cue. This attentional bias was still evident even when controlling for the possibility that the incentive salience of the reward cue color modulates the cue-validity effect (experiment 2) or when the reward was withdrawn after reinforcement learning (experiment 3). However, it disappeared when the reward was provided regardless of cue validity (experiment 4), implying that the reinforcement contingency between reward and attentional orienting is a critical determinant of reinforcement learning-based spatial attentional modulation. Our findings highlight that a spatial attentional bias is shaped by value via reinforcement learning. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T13:27:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aec023aedb664faeb359af471e17db6f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T13:27:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-aec023aedb664faeb359af471e17db6f2022-12-21T20:19:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782020-01-011010.3389/fpsyg.2019.02884476164Attentional Orienting by Non-informative Cue Is Shaped via Reinforcement LearningSang A. ChoYang Seok ChoIt has been demonstrated that a reward-associated stimulus feature captures attention involuntarily. The present study tested whether spatial attentional orienting is biased via reinforcement learning. Participants were to identify a target stimulus presented in one of two placeholders, preceded by a non-informative arrow cue at the center of the display. Importantly, reward was available when the target occurred at a location cued by a reward cue, defined as a specific color (experiments 1 and 3) or a color–direction combination (experiment 2). The attentional bias of the reward cue was significantly increased as trials progressed, resulting in a greater cue-validity effect for the reward cue than the no-reward cue. This attentional bias was still evident even when controlling for the possibility that the incentive salience of the reward cue color modulates the cue-validity effect (experiment 2) or when the reward was withdrawn after reinforcement learning (experiment 3). However, it disappeared when the reward was provided regardless of cue validity (experiment 4), implying that the reinforcement contingency between reward and attentional orienting is a critical determinant of reinforcement learning-based spatial attentional modulation. Our findings highlight that a spatial attentional bias is shaped by value via reinforcement learning.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02884/fullattentional orientingspatial attentionvalue-driven attentionreinforcement learningattentional bias |
| spellingShingle | Sang A. Cho Yang Seok Cho Attentional Orienting by Non-informative Cue Is Shaped via Reinforcement Learning Frontiers in Psychology attentional orienting spatial attention value-driven attention reinforcement learning attentional bias |
| title | Attentional Orienting by Non-informative Cue Is Shaped via Reinforcement Learning |
| title_full | Attentional Orienting by Non-informative Cue Is Shaped via Reinforcement Learning |
| title_fullStr | Attentional Orienting by Non-informative Cue Is Shaped via Reinforcement Learning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Attentional Orienting by Non-informative Cue Is Shaped via Reinforcement Learning |
| title_short | Attentional Orienting by Non-informative Cue Is Shaped via Reinforcement Learning |
| title_sort | attentional orienting by non informative cue is shaped via reinforcement learning |
| topic | attentional orienting spatial attention value-driven attention reinforcement learning attentional bias |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02884/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sangacho attentionalorientingbynoninformativecueisshapedviareinforcementlearning AT yangseokcho attentionalorientingbynoninformativecueisshapedviareinforcementlearning |