Interactions between West Nile Virus and the Microbiota of <i>Culex pipiens</i> Vectors: A Literature Review
The flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV) naturally circulates between mosquitoes and birds, potentially affecting humans and horses. Different species of mosquitoes play a role as vectors of WNV, with those of the <i>Culex pipiens</i> complex being particularly crucial for its circulation. D...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/11/1287 |
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| author | Marta Garrigós Mario Garrido Guillermo Panisse Jesús Veiga Josué Martínez-de la Puente |
| author_facet | Marta Garrigós Mario Garrido Guillermo Panisse Jesús Veiga Josué Martínez-de la Puente |
| author_sort | Marta Garrigós |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV) naturally circulates between mosquitoes and birds, potentially affecting humans and horses. Different species of mosquitoes play a role as vectors of WNV, with those of the <i>Culex pipiens</i> complex being particularly crucial for its circulation. Different biotic and abiotic factors determine the capacity of mosquitoes for pathogen transmission, with the mosquito gut microbiota being recognized as an important one. Here, we review the published studies on the interactions between the microbiota of the <i>Culex pipiens</i> complex and WNV infections in mosquitoes. Most articles published so far studied the interactions between bacteria of the genus <i>Wolbachia</i> and WNV infections, obtaining variable results regarding the directionality of this relationship. In contrast, only a few studies investigate the role of the whole microbiome or other bacterial taxa in WNV infections. These studies suggest that bacteria of the genera <i>Serratia</i> and <i>Enterobacter</i> may enhance WNV development. Thus, due to the relevance of WNV in human and animal health and the important role of mosquitoes of the <i>Cx. pipiens</i> complex in its transmission, more research is needed to unravel the role of mosquito microbiota and those factors affecting this microbiota on pathogen epidemiology. In this respect, we finally propose future lines of research lines on this topic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:33:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aec32964f51b43b98e30989dbd24fada |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:33:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-aec32964f51b43b98e30989dbd24fada2023-11-24T14:59:36ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-10-011211128710.3390/pathogens12111287Interactions between West Nile Virus and the Microbiota of <i>Culex pipiens</i> Vectors: A Literature ReviewMarta Garrigós0Mario Garrido1Guillermo Panisse2Jesús Veiga3Josué Martínez-de la Puente4Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainDepartment of Parasitology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCEPAVE—Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores CONICET-UNLP, La Plata 1900, ArgentinaDepartment of Parasitology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainDepartment of Parasitology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainThe flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV) naturally circulates between mosquitoes and birds, potentially affecting humans and horses. Different species of mosquitoes play a role as vectors of WNV, with those of the <i>Culex pipiens</i> complex being particularly crucial for its circulation. Different biotic and abiotic factors determine the capacity of mosquitoes for pathogen transmission, with the mosquito gut microbiota being recognized as an important one. Here, we review the published studies on the interactions between the microbiota of the <i>Culex pipiens</i> complex and WNV infections in mosquitoes. Most articles published so far studied the interactions between bacteria of the genus <i>Wolbachia</i> and WNV infections, obtaining variable results regarding the directionality of this relationship. In contrast, only a few studies investigate the role of the whole microbiome or other bacterial taxa in WNV infections. These studies suggest that bacteria of the genera <i>Serratia</i> and <i>Enterobacter</i> may enhance WNV development. Thus, due to the relevance of WNV in human and animal health and the important role of mosquitoes of the <i>Cx. pipiens</i> complex in its transmission, more research is needed to unravel the role of mosquito microbiota and those factors affecting this microbiota on pathogen epidemiology. In this respect, we finally propose future lines of research lines on this topic.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/11/1287flavivirusinsect vectorsmosquito-borne pathogensmosquito microbiotavector competence<i>Wolbachia</i> |
| spellingShingle | Marta Garrigós Mario Garrido Guillermo Panisse Jesús Veiga Josué Martínez-de la Puente Interactions between West Nile Virus and the Microbiota of <i>Culex pipiens</i> Vectors: A Literature Review Pathogens flavivirus insect vectors mosquito-borne pathogens mosquito microbiota vector competence <i>Wolbachia</i> |
| title | Interactions between West Nile Virus and the Microbiota of <i>Culex pipiens</i> Vectors: A Literature Review |
| title_full | Interactions between West Nile Virus and the Microbiota of <i>Culex pipiens</i> Vectors: A Literature Review |
| title_fullStr | Interactions between West Nile Virus and the Microbiota of <i>Culex pipiens</i> Vectors: A Literature Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interactions between West Nile Virus and the Microbiota of <i>Culex pipiens</i> Vectors: A Literature Review |
| title_short | Interactions between West Nile Virus and the Microbiota of <i>Culex pipiens</i> Vectors: A Literature Review |
| title_sort | interactions between west nile virus and the microbiota of i culex pipiens i vectors a literature review |
| topic | flavivirus insect vectors mosquito-borne pathogens mosquito microbiota vector competence <i>Wolbachia</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/11/1287 |
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