How farmer characteristics and dimensions of resilience correlate with farmers’ ability to recover from shocks: a case study of Indonesian palm oil smallholders
Most studies on the effects of certification on smallholders’ livelihood emphasize vulnerability while neglecting resilience. This paper assesses the farmer resilience of five different types of palm oil smallholders in Indonesia. We use and apply Speranza’s (2014) framework to assess and understand...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Università degli Studi di Firenze
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development |
| Online Access: | https://www.jaeid.it/index.php/JAEID/article/view/1192 |