The Role of Microbiome and Genotype in <i>Daphnia magna</i> upon Parasite Re-Exposure
Recently, it has been shown that the community of gut microorganisms plays a crucial role in host performance with respect to parasite tolerance. Knowledge, however, is lacking on the role of the gut microbiome in mediating host tolerance after parasite re-exposure, especially considering multiple p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/1/70 |
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| author | Lore Bulteel Shira Houwenhuyse Steven A. J. Declerck Ellen Decaestecker |
| author_facet | Lore Bulteel Shira Houwenhuyse Steven A. J. Declerck Ellen Decaestecker |
| author_sort | Lore Bulteel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recently, it has been shown that the community of gut microorganisms plays a crucial role in host performance with respect to parasite tolerance. Knowledge, however, is lacking on the role of the gut microbiome in mediating host tolerance after parasite re-exposure, especially considering multiple parasite infections. We here aimed to fill this knowledge gap by studying the role of the gut microbiome on tolerance in <i>Daphnia magna</i> upon multiple parasite species re-exposure. Additionally, we investigated the role of the host genotype in the interaction between the gut microbiome and the host phenotypic performance. A microbiome transplant experiment was performed in which three germ-free <i>D. magna</i> genotypes were exposed to a gut microbial inoculum and a parasite community treatment. The gut microbiome inocula were pre-exposed to the same parasite communities or a control treatment. <i>Daphnia</i> performance was monitored, and amplicon sequencing was performed to characterize the gut microbial community. Our experimental results showed that the gut microbiome plays no role in <i>Daphnia</i> tolerance upon parasite re-exposure. We did, however, find a main effect of the gut microbiome on <i>Daphnia</i> body size reflecting parasite specific responses. Our results also showed that it is rather the <i>Daphnia</i> genotype, and not the gut microbiome, that affected parasite-induced host mortality. Additionally, we found a role of the genotype in structuring the gut microbial community, both in alpha diversity as in the microbial composition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:49:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aec676f856144a428736a117208fc1b1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:49:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-aec676f856144a428736a117208fc1b12023-12-03T12:18:20ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252021-01-011217010.3390/genes12010070The Role of Microbiome and Genotype in <i>Daphnia magna</i> upon Parasite Re-ExposureLore Bulteel0Shira Houwenhuyse1Steven A. J. Declerck2Ellen Decaestecker3Laboratory of Aquatic Biology, Department of Biology, University of Leuven-Campus Kulak, E. Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, BelgiumLaboratory of Aquatic Biology, Department of Biology, University of Leuven-Campus Kulak, E. Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, BelgiumNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6700 AB Wageningen, The NetherlandsLaboratory of Aquatic Biology, Department of Biology, University of Leuven-Campus Kulak, E. Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, BelgiumRecently, it has been shown that the community of gut microorganisms plays a crucial role in host performance with respect to parasite tolerance. Knowledge, however, is lacking on the role of the gut microbiome in mediating host tolerance after parasite re-exposure, especially considering multiple parasite infections. We here aimed to fill this knowledge gap by studying the role of the gut microbiome on tolerance in <i>Daphnia magna</i> upon multiple parasite species re-exposure. Additionally, we investigated the role of the host genotype in the interaction between the gut microbiome and the host phenotypic performance. A microbiome transplant experiment was performed in which three germ-free <i>D. magna</i> genotypes were exposed to a gut microbial inoculum and a parasite community treatment. The gut microbiome inocula were pre-exposed to the same parasite communities or a control treatment. <i>Daphnia</i> performance was monitored, and amplicon sequencing was performed to characterize the gut microbial community. Our experimental results showed that the gut microbiome plays no role in <i>Daphnia</i> tolerance upon parasite re-exposure. We did, however, find a main effect of the gut microbiome on <i>Daphnia</i> body size reflecting parasite specific responses. Our results also showed that it is rather the <i>Daphnia</i> genotype, and not the gut microbiome, that affected parasite-induced host mortality. Additionally, we found a role of the genotype in structuring the gut microbial community, both in alpha diversity as in the microbial composition.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/1/70<i>Daphnia magna</i>diversitydysbiosisgenotypegut microbiomeparasite re-exposure |
| spellingShingle | Lore Bulteel Shira Houwenhuyse Steven A. J. Declerck Ellen Decaestecker The Role of Microbiome and Genotype in <i>Daphnia magna</i> upon Parasite Re-Exposure Genes <i>Daphnia magna</i> diversity dysbiosis genotype gut microbiome parasite re-exposure |
| title | The Role of Microbiome and Genotype in <i>Daphnia magna</i> upon Parasite Re-Exposure |
| title_full | The Role of Microbiome and Genotype in <i>Daphnia magna</i> upon Parasite Re-Exposure |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Microbiome and Genotype in <i>Daphnia magna</i> upon Parasite Re-Exposure |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Microbiome and Genotype in <i>Daphnia magna</i> upon Parasite Re-Exposure |
| title_short | The Role of Microbiome and Genotype in <i>Daphnia magna</i> upon Parasite Re-Exposure |
| title_sort | role of microbiome and genotype in i daphnia magna i upon parasite re exposure |
| topic | <i>Daphnia magna</i> diversity dysbiosis genotype gut microbiome parasite re-exposure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/1/70 |
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