Transfer of Maternal Anti-Microbial Immunity to HIV-Exposed Uninfected Newborns
The transfer of maternal immune factors to the newborn is critical for protection from infectious disease in early life. Maternally acquired passive immunity provides protection until the infant is beyond early life’s increased susceptibility to severe infections, or until active immunity is achieve...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2016.00338/full |
| _version_ | 1818933483977834496 |
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| author | Bahaa Abu Raya Kinga Smolen Fabienne Willems Tobias Kollmann Arnaud Marchant |
| author_facet | Bahaa Abu Raya Kinga Smolen Fabienne Willems Tobias Kollmann Arnaud Marchant |
| author_sort | Bahaa Abu Raya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The transfer of maternal immune factors to the newborn is critical for protection from infectious disease in early life. Maternally acquired passive immunity provides protection until the infant is beyond early life’s increased susceptibility to severe infections, or until active immunity is achieved following infant’s primary immunization. However, as reviewed here, HIV infection alters the transfer of immune factors from HIV-infected mothers to the HIV-exposed newborns and young infants. This may relate to the immune activation in HIV-infected pregnant women, associated with the production of inflammatory cytokines at the materno-fetal interface associated with inflammatory responses in the newborn. We also summarize mother-targeting interventions to improve the health of infants born to HIV-infected women such as immunization during pregnancy and reduction of maternal inflammation. Maternal immunization offers the potential to compensate for the decreased transplacentally transferred maternal antibodies observed in HIV-exposed infants. Current data suggest reduced immunogenicity of vaccines in HIV-infected pregnant women, possibly reducing the protective impact of maternal immunization for HIV-exposed infants. Fortunately, levels of antibodies appear preserved in the breast milk of HIV-infected women, which supports the recommendation to breastfeed during antiretroviral treatment to protect HIV-exposed infants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T04:49:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aed7cc44749e4a99905606f8265d6106 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T04:49:06Z |
| publishDate | 2016-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-aed7cc44749e4a99905606f8265d61062022-12-21T19:52:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242016-08-01710.3389/fimmu.2016.00338218619Transfer of Maternal Anti-Microbial Immunity to HIV-Exposed Uninfected NewbornsBahaa Abu Raya0Kinga Smolen1Fabienne Willems2Tobias Kollmann3Arnaud Marchant4University of British ColumbiaUniversité Libre de BruxellesUniversité Libre de BruxellesUniversity of British ColumbiaUniversité Libre de BruxellesThe transfer of maternal immune factors to the newborn is critical for protection from infectious disease in early life. Maternally acquired passive immunity provides protection until the infant is beyond early life’s increased susceptibility to severe infections, or until active immunity is achieved following infant’s primary immunization. However, as reviewed here, HIV infection alters the transfer of immune factors from HIV-infected mothers to the HIV-exposed newborns and young infants. This may relate to the immune activation in HIV-infected pregnant women, associated with the production of inflammatory cytokines at the materno-fetal interface associated with inflammatory responses in the newborn. We also summarize mother-targeting interventions to improve the health of infants born to HIV-infected women such as immunization during pregnancy and reduction of maternal inflammation. Maternal immunization offers the potential to compensate for the decreased transplacentally transferred maternal antibodies observed in HIV-exposed infants. Current data suggest reduced immunogenicity of vaccines in HIV-infected pregnant women, possibly reducing the protective impact of maternal immunization for HIV-exposed infants. Fortunately, levels of antibodies appear preserved in the breast milk of HIV-infected women, which supports the recommendation to breastfeed during antiretroviral treatment to protect HIV-exposed infants.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2016.00338/fullCytokinesInflammationPlacentaPregnancyIgGNewborn |
| spellingShingle | Bahaa Abu Raya Kinga Smolen Fabienne Willems Tobias Kollmann Arnaud Marchant Transfer of Maternal Anti-Microbial Immunity to HIV-Exposed Uninfected Newborns Frontiers in Immunology Cytokines Inflammation Placenta Pregnancy IgG Newborn |
| title | Transfer of Maternal Anti-Microbial Immunity to HIV-Exposed Uninfected Newborns |
| title_full | Transfer of Maternal Anti-Microbial Immunity to HIV-Exposed Uninfected Newborns |
| title_fullStr | Transfer of Maternal Anti-Microbial Immunity to HIV-Exposed Uninfected Newborns |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transfer of Maternal Anti-Microbial Immunity to HIV-Exposed Uninfected Newborns |
| title_short | Transfer of Maternal Anti-Microbial Immunity to HIV-Exposed Uninfected Newborns |
| title_sort | transfer of maternal anti microbial immunity to hiv exposed uninfected newborns |
| topic | Cytokines Inflammation Placenta Pregnancy IgG Newborn |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2016.00338/full |
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