Safe range of femoral neck system insertion and the risk of perforation
Abstract Background Internal fixation of the femoral neck carries a risk of perforation due to the presence of the isthmus of the femoral neck. At present, there are few studies on the safe and risk zones of the femoral neck system (FNS) implantation. This study aimed to recommend the safe range of...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2023-09-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-04205-6 |
| _version_ | 1797452055852351488 |
|---|---|
| author | Mingxuan Han Cong Li Ning Han Guixin Sun |
| author_facet | Mingxuan Han Cong Li Ning Han Guixin Sun |
| author_sort | Mingxuan Han |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Internal fixation of the femoral neck carries a risk of perforation due to the presence of the isthmus of the femoral neck. At present, there are few studies on the safe and risk zones of the femoral neck system (FNS) implantation. This study aimed to recommend the safe range of injection of FNS in the lateral wall of the proximal femur, parallel to the axis of the femoral neck, during FNS treatment of femoral neck fracture (FNF). Methods Femoral computed tomography (CT) data of 80 patients (male: 40; female: 40) who met the inclusion criteria were collected. Mimics 21.0 software was used to complete the modeling. 3-Matic 13.0 software was used to establish the axis of the femoral neck and its vertical plane, perform the cutting of the femoral neck, and project it on the vertical plane of the femoral neck axis. After matching a rectangle for each projection map, all sample sizes (80 cases) were standardized and superimposed to obtain gradient maps of the safe zone (SZ) and dangerous zone (RZ), thereby securing edge key points and safe FNS insertion range. Results In the 80 samples, the mean diameter of the smallest femoral neck section was 33.87 ± 2.32 mm for men and 29.36 ± 1.92 mm for women. All 80 femoral necks had safe and risky areas. The SZ/S × 100% was 77.59 (± 2.22%), and the RS/S × 100% was 22.39% (± 2.22%). The risk area was composed of four parts: (1), (2), (3), and (4), respectively, corresponding to 3.45 ± 1.74%, 5.51 ± 2.63%, 6.22 ± 1.41%, and 7.22 ± 1.39%. Four marginal key points, perforation risk, and safe ranges (SR) of FNS were analyzed on the lateral wall of the femoral neck. Conclusions The SR of FNS placement was recommended by digital simulation. In addition, Regions (3) and (4) posed a higher risk of penetrating the cortex. Using the gradient map of RZ for preoperative evaluation is recommended to avoid iatrogenic perforation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:03:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aee81c7d2ecd49adbc7a502a6590e106 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1749-799X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:03:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-aee81c7d2ecd49adbc7a502a6590e1062023-11-26T13:49:12ZengBMCJournal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research1749-799X2023-09-0118111110.1186/s13018-023-04205-6Safe range of femoral neck system insertion and the risk of perforationMingxuan Han0Cong Li1Ning Han2Guixin Sun3Department of Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityAbstract Background Internal fixation of the femoral neck carries a risk of perforation due to the presence of the isthmus of the femoral neck. At present, there are few studies on the safe and risk zones of the femoral neck system (FNS) implantation. This study aimed to recommend the safe range of injection of FNS in the lateral wall of the proximal femur, parallel to the axis of the femoral neck, during FNS treatment of femoral neck fracture (FNF). Methods Femoral computed tomography (CT) data of 80 patients (male: 40; female: 40) who met the inclusion criteria were collected. Mimics 21.0 software was used to complete the modeling. 3-Matic 13.0 software was used to establish the axis of the femoral neck and its vertical plane, perform the cutting of the femoral neck, and project it on the vertical plane of the femoral neck axis. After matching a rectangle for each projection map, all sample sizes (80 cases) were standardized and superimposed to obtain gradient maps of the safe zone (SZ) and dangerous zone (RZ), thereby securing edge key points and safe FNS insertion range. Results In the 80 samples, the mean diameter of the smallest femoral neck section was 33.87 ± 2.32 mm for men and 29.36 ± 1.92 mm for women. All 80 femoral necks had safe and risky areas. The SZ/S × 100% was 77.59 (± 2.22%), and the RS/S × 100% was 22.39% (± 2.22%). The risk area was composed of four parts: (1), (2), (3), and (4), respectively, corresponding to 3.45 ± 1.74%, 5.51 ± 2.63%, 6.22 ± 1.41%, and 7.22 ± 1.39%. Four marginal key points, perforation risk, and safe ranges (SR) of FNS were analyzed on the lateral wall of the femoral neck. Conclusions The SR of FNS placement was recommended by digital simulation. In addition, Regions (3) and (4) posed a higher risk of penetrating the cortex. Using the gradient map of RZ for preoperative evaluation is recommended to avoid iatrogenic perforation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-04205-6Femoral neck fractureFemoral neck sectionDigital simulationSafe zone |
| spellingShingle | Mingxuan Han Cong Li Ning Han Guixin Sun Safe range of femoral neck system insertion and the risk of perforation Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research Femoral neck fracture Femoral neck section Digital simulation Safe zone |
| title | Safe range of femoral neck system insertion and the risk of perforation |
| title_full | Safe range of femoral neck system insertion and the risk of perforation |
| title_fullStr | Safe range of femoral neck system insertion and the risk of perforation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Safe range of femoral neck system insertion and the risk of perforation |
| title_short | Safe range of femoral neck system insertion and the risk of perforation |
| title_sort | safe range of femoral neck system insertion and the risk of perforation |
| topic | Femoral neck fracture Femoral neck section Digital simulation Safe zone |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-04205-6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mingxuanhan saferangeoffemoralnecksysteminsertionandtheriskofperforation AT congli saferangeoffemoralnecksysteminsertionandtheriskofperforation AT ninghan saferangeoffemoralnecksysteminsertionandtheriskofperforation AT guixinsun saferangeoffemoralnecksysteminsertionandtheriskofperforation |