Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) in Bipolar Disorder Patients with Ultra-Rapid Cycling and Unstable Mixed States

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) in Bipolar Disorder Patients with Ultra-Rapid Cycling and Unstable Mixed States

<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Unstable mixed episodes or rapid switching between opposite affective poles within the scope of short cycles was first characterized in 1967 by S. Mentzos as complex polymorphous states with chaotic overlap of manic and depressive symptoms. Well-known ex...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sergey Mosolov, Christoph Born, Heinz Grunze
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-06-01
Series:Medicina
Subjects:
anticonvulsants
bipolar disorder
catatonia
ECT
lithium
mixed states
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/6/624

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