Morphine Perinatal Exposure Induces Long-Lasting Negative Emotional States in Adult Offspring Rodents
Psychoactive substances during pregnancy and lactation is a key problem in contemporary society, causing social, economic, and health disturbance. In 2010, about 30 million people used opioid analgesics for non-therapeutic purposes, and the prevalence of opioids use during pregnancy ranged from 1% t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/1/29 |
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| author | Nair C. F. Castro Izabelle S. Silva Sabrina C. Cartágenes Luanna M. P. Fernandes Paula C. Ribera Mayara A. Barros Rui D. Prediger Enéas A. Fontes-Júnior Cristiane S. F. Maia |
| author_facet | Nair C. F. Castro Izabelle S. Silva Sabrina C. Cartágenes Luanna M. P. Fernandes Paula C. Ribera Mayara A. Barros Rui D. Prediger Enéas A. Fontes-Júnior Cristiane S. F. Maia |
| author_sort | Nair C. F. Castro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Psychoactive substances during pregnancy and lactation is a key problem in contemporary society, causing social, economic, and health disturbance. In 2010, about 30 million people used opioid analgesics for non-therapeutic purposes, and the prevalence of opioids use during pregnancy ranged from 1% to 21%, representing a public health problem. This study aimed to evaluate the long-lasting neurobehavioral and nociceptive consequences in adult offspring rats and mice exposed to morphine during intrauterine/lactation periods. Pregnant rats and mice were exposed subcutaneously to morphine (10 mg/kg/day) during 42 consecutive days (from the first day of pregnancy until the last day of lactation). Offspring were weighed on post-natal days (PND) 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 60, and behavioral tasks (experiment 1) or nociceptive responses (experiment 2) were assessed at 75 days of age (adult life). Morphine-exposed female rats displayed increased spontaneous locomotor activity. More importantly, both males and female rats perinatally exposed to morphine displayed anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors. Morphine-exposed mice presented alterations in the nociceptive responses on the writhing test. This study showed that sex difference plays a role in pain threshold and that deleterious effects of morphine during pre/perinatal periods are nonrepairable in adulthood, which highlights the long-lasting clinical consequences related to anxiety, depression, and nociceptive disorders in adulthood followed by intrauterine and lactation morphine exposure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:44:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aee940b62ba9481ebe3219379c32b320 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:44:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-aee940b62ba9481ebe3219379c32b3202023-11-23T15:02:43ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232021-12-011412910.3390/pharmaceutics14010029Morphine Perinatal Exposure Induces Long-Lasting Negative Emotional States in Adult Offspring RodentsNair C. F. Castro0Izabelle S. Silva1Sabrina C. Cartágenes2Luanna M. P. Fernandes3Paula C. Ribera4Mayara A. Barros5Rui D. Prediger6Enéas A. Fontes-Júnior7Cristiane S. F. Maia8Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, BrazilLaboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, BrazilLaboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, BrazilDepartamento de Ciências Morfológicas e Fisiológicas, Centro das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS), Universidade Estadual do Pará, Belém 66087-662, BrazilLaboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, BrazilLaboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, BrazilDepartamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, BrazilLaboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, BrazilLaboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, BrazilPsychoactive substances during pregnancy and lactation is a key problem in contemporary society, causing social, economic, and health disturbance. In 2010, about 30 million people used opioid analgesics for non-therapeutic purposes, and the prevalence of opioids use during pregnancy ranged from 1% to 21%, representing a public health problem. This study aimed to evaluate the long-lasting neurobehavioral and nociceptive consequences in adult offspring rats and mice exposed to morphine during intrauterine/lactation periods. Pregnant rats and mice were exposed subcutaneously to morphine (10 mg/kg/day) during 42 consecutive days (from the first day of pregnancy until the last day of lactation). Offspring were weighed on post-natal days (PND) 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 60, and behavioral tasks (experiment 1) or nociceptive responses (experiment 2) were assessed at 75 days of age (adult life). Morphine-exposed female rats displayed increased spontaneous locomotor activity. More importantly, both males and female rats perinatally exposed to morphine displayed anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors. Morphine-exposed mice presented alterations in the nociceptive responses on the writhing test. This study showed that sex difference plays a role in pain threshold and that deleterious effects of morphine during pre/perinatal periods are nonrepairable in adulthood, which highlights the long-lasting clinical consequences related to anxiety, depression, and nociceptive disorders in adulthood followed by intrauterine and lactation morphine exposure.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/1/29morphinepregnancylactationanxietydepressionnociception |
| spellingShingle | Nair C. F. Castro Izabelle S. Silva Sabrina C. Cartágenes Luanna M. P. Fernandes Paula C. Ribera Mayara A. Barros Rui D. Prediger Enéas A. Fontes-Júnior Cristiane S. F. Maia Morphine Perinatal Exposure Induces Long-Lasting Negative Emotional States in Adult Offspring Rodents Pharmaceutics morphine pregnancy lactation anxiety depression nociception |
| title | Morphine Perinatal Exposure Induces Long-Lasting Negative Emotional States in Adult Offspring Rodents |
| title_full | Morphine Perinatal Exposure Induces Long-Lasting Negative Emotional States in Adult Offspring Rodents |
| title_fullStr | Morphine Perinatal Exposure Induces Long-Lasting Negative Emotional States in Adult Offspring Rodents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morphine Perinatal Exposure Induces Long-Lasting Negative Emotional States in Adult Offspring Rodents |
| title_short | Morphine Perinatal Exposure Induces Long-Lasting Negative Emotional States in Adult Offspring Rodents |
| title_sort | morphine perinatal exposure induces long lasting negative emotional states in adult offspring rodents |
| topic | morphine pregnancy lactation anxiety depression nociception |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/1/29 |
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