Role of Hormonal Circuitry Upon T Cell Development in Chagas Disease: Possible Implications on T Cell Dysfunctions
T cell response plays an essential role in the host resistance to infection by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. This infection is often associated with multiple manifestations of T cell dysfunction, both during the acute and the chronic phases of disea...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00334/full |
| _version_ | 1818543444732149760 |
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| author | Ana Rosa Pérez Alexandre Morrot Alexandre Morrot Vinicius Frias Carvalho Vinicius Frias Carvalho Juliana de Meis Juliana de Meis Wilson Savino Wilson Savino |
| author_facet | Ana Rosa Pérez Alexandre Morrot Alexandre Morrot Vinicius Frias Carvalho Vinicius Frias Carvalho Juliana de Meis Juliana de Meis Wilson Savino Wilson Savino |
| author_sort | Ana Rosa Pérez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | T cell response plays an essential role in the host resistance to infection by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. This infection is often associated with multiple manifestations of T cell dysfunction, both during the acute and the chronic phases of disease. Additionally, the normal development of T cells is affected. As seen in animal models of Chagas disease, there is a strong thymic atrophy due to massive death of CD4+CD8+ double-positive cells by apoptosis and an abnormal escape of immature and potentially autoreactive thymocytes from the organ. Furthermore, an increase in the release of corticosterone triggered by T. cruzi-driven systemic inflammation is strongly associated with the alterations seen in the thymus of infected animals. Moreover, changes in the levels of other hormones, including growth hormone, prolactin, and testosterone are also able to contribute to the disruption of thymic homeostasis secondary to T. cruzi infection. In this review, we discuss the role of hormonal circuits involved in the normal T cell development and trafficking, as well as their role on the thymic alterations likely related to the peripheral T cell disturbances largely reported in both chagasic patients and animal models of Chagas disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T22:35:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aef01e83eee24abc86f7220185c13586 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T22:35:28Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-aef01e83eee24abc86f7220185c135862022-12-22T00:47:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922018-06-01910.3389/fendo.2018.00334334666Role of Hormonal Circuitry Upon T Cell Development in Chagas Disease: Possible Implications on T Cell DysfunctionsAna Rosa Pérez0Alexandre Morrot1Alexandre Morrot2Vinicius Frias Carvalho3Vinicius Frias Carvalho4Juliana de Meis5Juliana de Meis6Wilson Savino7Wilson Savino8Institute of Clinical and Experimental Immunology (IDICER-CONICET UNR), Rosario, ArgentinaFaculty of Medicine, Tuberculosis Research Center, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilOswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilNational Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilNational Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Rio de Janeiro, BrazilT cell response plays an essential role in the host resistance to infection by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. This infection is often associated with multiple manifestations of T cell dysfunction, both during the acute and the chronic phases of disease. Additionally, the normal development of T cells is affected. As seen in animal models of Chagas disease, there is a strong thymic atrophy due to massive death of CD4+CD8+ double-positive cells by apoptosis and an abnormal escape of immature and potentially autoreactive thymocytes from the organ. Furthermore, an increase in the release of corticosterone triggered by T. cruzi-driven systemic inflammation is strongly associated with the alterations seen in the thymus of infected animals. Moreover, changes in the levels of other hormones, including growth hormone, prolactin, and testosterone are also able to contribute to the disruption of thymic homeostasis secondary to T. cruzi infection. In this review, we discuss the role of hormonal circuits involved in the normal T cell development and trafficking, as well as their role on the thymic alterations likely related to the peripheral T cell disturbances largely reported in both chagasic patients and animal models of Chagas disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00334/fullChagas diseasethymus atrophythymocyteshypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axisgrowth hormoneprolactin |
| spellingShingle | Ana Rosa Pérez Alexandre Morrot Alexandre Morrot Vinicius Frias Carvalho Vinicius Frias Carvalho Juliana de Meis Juliana de Meis Wilson Savino Wilson Savino Role of Hormonal Circuitry Upon T Cell Development in Chagas Disease: Possible Implications on T Cell Dysfunctions Frontiers in Endocrinology Chagas disease thymus atrophy thymocytes hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis growth hormone prolactin |
| title | Role of Hormonal Circuitry Upon T Cell Development in Chagas Disease: Possible Implications on T Cell Dysfunctions |
| title_full | Role of Hormonal Circuitry Upon T Cell Development in Chagas Disease: Possible Implications on T Cell Dysfunctions |
| title_fullStr | Role of Hormonal Circuitry Upon T Cell Development in Chagas Disease: Possible Implications on T Cell Dysfunctions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Hormonal Circuitry Upon T Cell Development in Chagas Disease: Possible Implications on T Cell Dysfunctions |
| title_short | Role of Hormonal Circuitry Upon T Cell Development in Chagas Disease: Possible Implications on T Cell Dysfunctions |
| title_sort | role of hormonal circuitry upon t cell development in chagas disease possible implications on t cell dysfunctions |
| topic | Chagas disease thymus atrophy thymocytes hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis growth hormone prolactin |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00334/full |
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