Effect of filtering method on the pH measurement of cement mortar in ex-situ leaching
The high alkaline condition of concrete naturally protects embedded steel bars from corrosion by forming a passive protective film. The pH of concrete is generally high, but concrete with different mix compositions may have various pH values. The pH of concrete may decrease over time due to long-ter...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024018905 |
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| author | Poh-Yee Loh Payam Shafigh Herda Yati Katman Zainah Ibrahim |
| author_facet | Poh-Yee Loh Payam Shafigh Herda Yati Katman Zainah Ibrahim |
| author_sort | Poh-Yee Loh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The high alkaline condition of concrete naturally protects embedded steel bars from corrosion by forming a passive protective film. The pH of concrete is generally high, but concrete with different mix compositions may have various pH values. The pH of concrete may decrease over time due to long-term mechanical, chemical, biological and physical factors. Therefore, monitoring the pH value of concrete is crucial to checking if its alkalinity is within an acceptable range and ensuring that the concrete structure is in good health condition. However, the pH measurement for cement-based materials is not standardised. Ex-situ leaching, one of the recommended methods for pH measurement, is simple and practical. In this method, the sample will be crushed, leached and tested using a pH electrode probe. The lifespan of the pH electrode probe may decrease due to the existing suspended particles in the solution. Therefore, one recommendation is to filter the solution before using the probe. In this study, the effect of different filtering setups on the pH value of a cement mortar with a cement-to-sand ratio of 1:3 was evaluated. pH test results showed that filtering can produce similar outcomes to those without filtering, regardless of the type of filter paper and its pore size. However, filtering is strongly recommended for electrode protection of the pH meter. As an innovative filtering setup for cement-based materials, syringe filtering was introduced in this study because it is more economical and its operation is simpler compared to the other methods. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af0a4f0a2287403e9a2a8b4be6708461 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T01:21:41Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| spelling | doaj.art-af0a4f0a2287403e9a2a8b4be67084612024-03-09T09:26:22ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402024-02-01104e25859Effect of filtering method on the pH measurement of cement mortar in ex-situ leachingPoh-Yee Loh0Payam Shafigh1Herda Yati Katman2Zainah Ibrahim3Centre for Building, Construction & Tropical Architecture (BuCTA), Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaCentre for Building, Construction & Tropical Architecture (BuCTA), Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Corresponding author. Centre for Building, Construction & Tropical Architecture (BuCTA), Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Department of Civil Engineering, University Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, MalaysiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaThe high alkaline condition of concrete naturally protects embedded steel bars from corrosion by forming a passive protective film. The pH of concrete is generally high, but concrete with different mix compositions may have various pH values. The pH of concrete may decrease over time due to long-term mechanical, chemical, biological and physical factors. Therefore, monitoring the pH value of concrete is crucial to checking if its alkalinity is within an acceptable range and ensuring that the concrete structure is in good health condition. However, the pH measurement for cement-based materials is not standardised. Ex-situ leaching, one of the recommended methods for pH measurement, is simple and practical. In this method, the sample will be crushed, leached and tested using a pH electrode probe. The lifespan of the pH electrode probe may decrease due to the existing suspended particles in the solution. Therefore, one recommendation is to filter the solution before using the probe. In this study, the effect of different filtering setups on the pH value of a cement mortar with a cement-to-sand ratio of 1:3 was evaluated. pH test results showed that filtering can produce similar outcomes to those without filtering, regardless of the type of filter paper and its pore size. However, filtering is strongly recommended for electrode protection of the pH meter. As an innovative filtering setup for cement-based materials, syringe filtering was introduced in this study because it is more economical and its operation is simpler compared to the other methods.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024018905pH valuepH measurementEx-situ leachingFiltering setupCement mortarSyringe filtering |
| spellingShingle | Poh-Yee Loh Payam Shafigh Herda Yati Katman Zainah Ibrahim Effect of filtering method on the pH measurement of cement mortar in ex-situ leaching Heliyon pH value pH measurement Ex-situ leaching Filtering setup Cement mortar Syringe filtering |
| title | Effect of filtering method on the pH measurement of cement mortar in ex-situ leaching |
| title_full | Effect of filtering method on the pH measurement of cement mortar in ex-situ leaching |
| title_fullStr | Effect of filtering method on the pH measurement of cement mortar in ex-situ leaching |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of filtering method on the pH measurement of cement mortar in ex-situ leaching |
| title_short | Effect of filtering method on the pH measurement of cement mortar in ex-situ leaching |
| title_sort | effect of filtering method on the ph measurement of cement mortar in ex situ leaching |
| topic | pH value pH measurement Ex-situ leaching Filtering setup Cement mortar Syringe filtering |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024018905 |
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