Difference of Microbial Community in the Stream Adjacent to the Mixed Antibiotic Effluent Source
Released antibiotics from source to stream can influence bacterial communities and potentially alter the ecosystem. This research provides a comprehensive examination of the sources, distribution, and bacterial community dynamics associated with varied antibiotic release sources adjacent to the stre...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/2/135 |
| _version_ | 1797296955592802304 |
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| author | Jin-Wook Kim Young-Kyu Hong Oh-Kyung Kwon Sung-Chul Kim |
| author_facet | Jin-Wook Kim Young-Kyu Hong Oh-Kyung Kwon Sung-Chul Kim |
| author_sort | Jin-Wook Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Released antibiotics from source to stream can influence bacterial communities and potentially alter the ecosystem. This research provides a comprehensive examination of the sources, distribution, and bacterial community dynamics associated with varied antibiotic release sources adjacent to the stream. The residual of antibiotics from different sources was determined, and the bacterial community structure was examined to reveal the differences in the bacteria community in the stream. The residual of antibiotics was quantified with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the Illumina MiSeq platform was utilized to sequence bacterial 16S rRNA genes, providing comprehensive insights into the bacterial community structure in the sediment across five different sites. Results indicated that the presence and distribution of antibiotics were significantly influenced by released sources. In the case of the bacterial community, the Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the most dominant phyla in the sediment, and especially, the Firmicutes showed higher abundance in sites mostly affected by livestock sources. Additionally, livestock gut bacteria such as <i>Clostridium saudiense</i>, <i>Proteiniclasticum ruminis</i>, and <i>Turicibacter sanguinis</i> were prevalent in antibiotic-contaminated sites adjacent to livestock facilities. Overall, this study provides critical insights into the effect of antibiotic contamination by verifying the relationship between the occurrence of antibiotic residuals and the alteration in the bacterial community in the stream. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:12:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af0ef1128876449290bc026bf41a559a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:12:19Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-af0ef1128876449290bc026bf41a559a2024-02-23T15:36:24ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042024-02-0112213510.3390/toxics12020135Difference of Microbial Community in the Stream Adjacent to the Mixed Antibiotic Effluent SourceJin-Wook Kim0Young-Kyu Hong1Oh-Kyung Kwon2Sung-Chul Kim3Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of KoreaBiogas Research Center, Hankyung National University, Anseong 17579, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of KoreaReleased antibiotics from source to stream can influence bacterial communities and potentially alter the ecosystem. This research provides a comprehensive examination of the sources, distribution, and bacterial community dynamics associated with varied antibiotic release sources adjacent to the stream. The residual of antibiotics from different sources was determined, and the bacterial community structure was examined to reveal the differences in the bacteria community in the stream. The residual of antibiotics was quantified with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the Illumina MiSeq platform was utilized to sequence bacterial 16S rRNA genes, providing comprehensive insights into the bacterial community structure in the sediment across five different sites. Results indicated that the presence and distribution of antibiotics were significantly influenced by released sources. In the case of the bacterial community, the Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the most dominant phyla in the sediment, and especially, the Firmicutes showed higher abundance in sites mostly affected by livestock sources. Additionally, livestock gut bacteria such as <i>Clostridium saudiense</i>, <i>Proteiniclasticum ruminis</i>, and <i>Turicibacter sanguinis</i> were prevalent in antibiotic-contaminated sites adjacent to livestock facilities. Overall, this study provides critical insights into the effect of antibiotic contamination by verifying the relationship between the occurrence of antibiotic residuals and the alteration in the bacterial community in the stream.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/2/135livestock facilitiesstreamgut bacteriaindicator |
| spellingShingle | Jin-Wook Kim Young-Kyu Hong Oh-Kyung Kwon Sung-Chul Kim Difference of Microbial Community in the Stream Adjacent to the Mixed Antibiotic Effluent Source Toxics livestock facilities stream gut bacteria indicator |
| title | Difference of Microbial Community in the Stream Adjacent to the Mixed Antibiotic Effluent Source |
| title_full | Difference of Microbial Community in the Stream Adjacent to the Mixed Antibiotic Effluent Source |
| title_fullStr | Difference of Microbial Community in the Stream Adjacent to the Mixed Antibiotic Effluent Source |
| title_full_unstemmed | Difference of Microbial Community in the Stream Adjacent to the Mixed Antibiotic Effluent Source |
| title_short | Difference of Microbial Community in the Stream Adjacent to the Mixed Antibiotic Effluent Source |
| title_sort | difference of microbial community in the stream adjacent to the mixed antibiotic effluent source |
| topic | livestock facilities stream gut bacteria indicator |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/2/135 |
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