Review on K-Feldspar Mineral Processing for Extracting Metallic Potassium as a Fertilizer Resource
The K-feldspar mineral is an insoluble potassium resource with a high potassium content and the most extensive and abundant reserves. To address the insufficient supply of soluble potassium fertilizers in China, the application of appropriate processing methods to extract potassium from K-feldspar a...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Minerals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/14/2/168 |
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| author | Meijuan Chen Liyun Zhao Yu Huang Lijuan Fu Lijun Ma Kehao Chen Zhaolin Gu |
| author_facet | Meijuan Chen Liyun Zhao Yu Huang Lijuan Fu Lijun Ma Kehao Chen Zhaolin Gu |
| author_sort | Meijuan Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The K-feldspar mineral is an insoluble potassium resource with a high potassium content and the most extensive and abundant reserves. To address the insufficient supply of soluble potassium fertilizers in China, the application of appropriate processing methods to extract potassium from K-feldspar and transform it into a soluble potassium fertilizer is of great significance. To date, various techniques have been developed to extract potassium from K-feldspar and produce a soluble potassium fertilizer. This review summarizes the main methods, i.e., the hydrothermal, high-temperature pyrolysis, microbial decomposition, and low-temperature methods, for potassium extraction from K-feldspar. The mechanisms, efficiencies, impact parameters, and research progress of each potassium extraction method are comprehensively discussed. This study also compares the merits and drawbacks of the individual methods in terms of potassium extraction efficiency and practical operating conditions. The species of additives, reaction temperature, reaction time, particle size of K-feldspar, and dosage of additives significantly affected the potassium extraction efficiency. Moreover, the combination of different methods was very effective in improving the potassium extraction efficiency. This review elaborates the research prospects and potential strategies for the efficient utilization of the K-feldspar mineral as a fertilizer resource. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:20:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af1df946cb4f41b58fdc431918f047c9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-163X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:20:07Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Minerals |
| spelling | doaj.art-af1df946cb4f41b58fdc431918f047c92024-02-23T15:28:37ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2024-02-0114216810.3390/min14020168Review on K-Feldspar Mineral Processing for Extracting Metallic Potassium as a Fertilizer ResourceMeijuan Chen0Liyun Zhao1Yu Huang2Lijuan Fu3Lijun Ma4Kehao Chen5Zhaolin Gu6Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering, The Ministry of Natural Resources of China, Xi’an 710075, ChinaSchool of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaKey Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology (SKLLQG), Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, ChinaSchool of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaSchool of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaKey Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering, The Ministry of Natural Resources of China, Xi’an 710075, ChinaKey Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering, The Ministry of Natural Resources of China, Xi’an 710075, ChinaThe K-feldspar mineral is an insoluble potassium resource with a high potassium content and the most extensive and abundant reserves. To address the insufficient supply of soluble potassium fertilizers in China, the application of appropriate processing methods to extract potassium from K-feldspar and transform it into a soluble potassium fertilizer is of great significance. To date, various techniques have been developed to extract potassium from K-feldspar and produce a soluble potassium fertilizer. This review summarizes the main methods, i.e., the hydrothermal, high-temperature pyrolysis, microbial decomposition, and low-temperature methods, for potassium extraction from K-feldspar. The mechanisms, efficiencies, impact parameters, and research progress of each potassium extraction method are comprehensively discussed. This study also compares the merits and drawbacks of the individual methods in terms of potassium extraction efficiency and practical operating conditions. The species of additives, reaction temperature, reaction time, particle size of K-feldspar, and dosage of additives significantly affected the potassium extraction efficiency. Moreover, the combination of different methods was very effective in improving the potassium extraction efficiency. This review elaborates the research prospects and potential strategies for the efficient utilization of the K-feldspar mineral as a fertilizer resource.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/14/2/168metallic potassium extraction technologiesK-feldspar mineralefficienciesmechanismsfertilizer resources |
| spellingShingle | Meijuan Chen Liyun Zhao Yu Huang Lijuan Fu Lijun Ma Kehao Chen Zhaolin Gu Review on K-Feldspar Mineral Processing for Extracting Metallic Potassium as a Fertilizer Resource Minerals metallic potassium extraction technologies K-feldspar mineral efficiencies mechanisms fertilizer resources |
| title | Review on K-Feldspar Mineral Processing for Extracting Metallic Potassium as a Fertilizer Resource |
| title_full | Review on K-Feldspar Mineral Processing for Extracting Metallic Potassium as a Fertilizer Resource |
| title_fullStr | Review on K-Feldspar Mineral Processing for Extracting Metallic Potassium as a Fertilizer Resource |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review on K-Feldspar Mineral Processing for Extracting Metallic Potassium as a Fertilizer Resource |
| title_short | Review on K-Feldspar Mineral Processing for Extracting Metallic Potassium as a Fertilizer Resource |
| title_sort | review on k feldspar mineral processing for extracting metallic potassium as a fertilizer resource |
| topic | metallic potassium extraction technologies K-feldspar mineral efficiencies mechanisms fertilizer resources |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/14/2/168 |
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