Effects of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Metabolism of Cucumber Seedlings under Salt Stress
Soil salinization is the leading environmental factor that restricts crop growth. This study studied the effects of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (<i>B. cereus</i>) on growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant metabolism in salt stressed-cucumber seedlings. The results showed that <...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/5/463 |
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| author | Yaguang Zhou Ting Sang Mimi Tian Mohammad Shah Jahan Jian Wang Xiangyu Li Shirong Guo Hongyun Liu Yu Wang Sheng Shu |
| author_facet | Yaguang Zhou Ting Sang Mimi Tian Mohammad Shah Jahan Jian Wang Xiangyu Li Shirong Guo Hongyun Liu Yu Wang Sheng Shu |
| author_sort | Yaguang Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soil salinization is the leading environmental factor that restricts crop growth. This study studied the effects of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (<i>B. cereus</i>) on growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant metabolism in salt stressed-cucumber seedlings. The results showed that <i>B. cereus</i> could maintain high activity in the high salt environment (4% NaCl). <i>B. cereus</i> significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight, and dry weight of cucumber seedlings under salt stress, and increased root vitality, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (Tr) of cucumber seedlings under salt stress. <i>B. cereus</i> significantly increased the maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), the actual photochemical quantum yield (ΦPSII), and the quantum yield of regulatory energy dissipation Y (NPQ) under salt stress, which were 9.31%, 20.44%, and 5.22% higher than those under salt stress, respectively. The quantum yield of non-regulatory energy dissipation Y (NO) was reduced by 19.81%. Superoxidase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities in leaves and roots of cucumber seedlings were significantly increased by <i>B. cereus</i> under salt stress. Compared with salt stress, SOD activities in leaves were significantly increased by 1.70% and 6.32% on the first and third days after treatment. At 1 d, 3 d, and 5 d after treatment, SOD activity in roots increased by 3.06%, 11.24%, and 3.00%, POD activity in leaves increased by 113.38%, 38.81%, and 52.89%, respectively. The POD activity in roots increased by 56.79% and 10.92% on the third and fifth days after treatment, the CAT activity in leaves increased by 8.50% and 25.55%, and the CAT activity in roots increased by 30.59% and 84.45%. Under salt stress, the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and MDA contents of seedlings treated with <i>B. cereus</i> decreased significantly. Compared with salt stress, the proline content in leaves decreased by 12.69%, 3.90%, and 13.12% at 1 d, 3 d, and 5 d, respectively, while the proline content in roots decreased by 44.94% and 60.08% at 3 d and 5 d, respectively. These results indicated that <i>B. cereus</i> could alleviate salt-induced inhibition of growth and photosynthesis by regulating antioxidant metabolism of cucumber seedlings and thus enhancing salt tolerance of cucumber seedlings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:46:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af1fbc9c0a134432aeafa82a17aa7cf9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:46:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
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| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-af1fbc9c0a134432aeafa82a17aa7cf92023-11-23T11:17:43ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242022-05-018546310.3390/horticulturae8050463Effects of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Metabolism of Cucumber Seedlings under Salt StressYaguang Zhou0Ting Sang1Mimi Tian2Mohammad Shah Jahan3Jian Wang4Xiangyu Li5Shirong Guo6Hongyun Liu7Yu Wang8Sheng Shu9College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaInstitute of Horticultural Research, NingXia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science, Yinchuan 750002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaJiangsu Pufa Ecological Agriculture Co., Ltd., Suqian 223800, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaSoil salinization is the leading environmental factor that restricts crop growth. This study studied the effects of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (<i>B. cereus</i>) on growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant metabolism in salt stressed-cucumber seedlings. The results showed that <i>B. cereus</i> could maintain high activity in the high salt environment (4% NaCl). <i>B. cereus</i> significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight, and dry weight of cucumber seedlings under salt stress, and increased root vitality, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (Tr) of cucumber seedlings under salt stress. <i>B. cereus</i> significantly increased the maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), the actual photochemical quantum yield (ΦPSII), and the quantum yield of regulatory energy dissipation Y (NPQ) under salt stress, which were 9.31%, 20.44%, and 5.22% higher than those under salt stress, respectively. The quantum yield of non-regulatory energy dissipation Y (NO) was reduced by 19.81%. Superoxidase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities in leaves and roots of cucumber seedlings were significantly increased by <i>B. cereus</i> under salt stress. Compared with salt stress, SOD activities in leaves were significantly increased by 1.70% and 6.32% on the first and third days after treatment. At 1 d, 3 d, and 5 d after treatment, SOD activity in roots increased by 3.06%, 11.24%, and 3.00%, POD activity in leaves increased by 113.38%, 38.81%, and 52.89%, respectively. The POD activity in roots increased by 56.79% and 10.92% on the third and fifth days after treatment, the CAT activity in leaves increased by 8.50% and 25.55%, and the CAT activity in roots increased by 30.59% and 84.45%. Under salt stress, the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and MDA contents of seedlings treated with <i>B. cereus</i> decreased significantly. Compared with salt stress, the proline content in leaves decreased by 12.69%, 3.90%, and 13.12% at 1 d, 3 d, and 5 d, respectively, while the proline content in roots decreased by 44.94% and 60.08% at 3 d and 5 d, respectively. These results indicated that <i>B. cereus</i> could alleviate salt-induced inhibition of growth and photosynthesis by regulating antioxidant metabolism of cucumber seedlings and thus enhancing salt tolerance of cucumber seedlings.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/5/463cucumberantioxidant metabolism<i>Bacillus cereus</i>photosynthesissalt stress |
| spellingShingle | Yaguang Zhou Ting Sang Mimi Tian Mohammad Shah Jahan Jian Wang Xiangyu Li Shirong Guo Hongyun Liu Yu Wang Sheng Shu Effects of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Metabolism of Cucumber Seedlings under Salt Stress Horticulturae cucumber antioxidant metabolism <i>Bacillus cereus</i> photosynthesis salt stress |
| title | Effects of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Metabolism of Cucumber Seedlings under Salt Stress |
| title_full | Effects of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Metabolism of Cucumber Seedlings under Salt Stress |
| title_fullStr | Effects of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Metabolism of Cucumber Seedlings under Salt Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Metabolism of Cucumber Seedlings under Salt Stress |
| title_short | Effects of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Metabolism of Cucumber Seedlings under Salt Stress |
| title_sort | effects of i bacillus cereus i on photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism of cucumber seedlings under salt stress |
| topic | cucumber antioxidant metabolism <i>Bacillus cereus</i> photosynthesis salt stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/5/463 |
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