| Summary: | In this work, we investigated the potential of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> UCP 0146 in the bioconversion of a medium containing 100% cassava flour wastewater to obtain a bioemulsifier. The evaluation of the production was carried out by the emulsification index (IE<sub>24</sub>) and the surface tension (ST). The ionic charge, stability (temperature, salinity, and pH measured by IE<sub>24</sub> and viscosity), and ability to remove and disperse oil and textile dye were investigated. <i>B. subtilis</i> produced an anionic bioemulsifier in the medium containing 100% cassava wastewater under Condition 4 of the factorial design (inoculum 9% at a temperature of 35 °C and shaken at 100 rpm), and showed a surface tension of 39 mN/m, an IE<sub>24</sub> of 95.2%, and a yield of 2.69 g·L<sup>−1</sup>. The bioemulsifier showed stability at different pH (2–8), temperatures (0–120 °C), and NaCl concentrations, a dispersion oil displacement area (ODA) test of 55.83 cm<sup>2</sup>, and a reduction of the viscosity of the burned engine oil (90.5 Cp). The bioemulsifier was able to remove petroleum (94.4%) and methylene blue azo dye (62.2%). The bioemulsifier and its synthesis from bacteria also emphasizes the role of surfactants in oil remediation.
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