Effects of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the Pre-Harvest Drop Rate, Fruit Quality, and Stem-End Splitting in ‘Gala’ Apples
Preharvest fruit drop is a significant physiological problem that affects numerous commercially significant apple varieties, including ‘Gala.’ AVG and 1-MCP are two plant growth regulators commonly used to reduce fruit drop by reducing ethylene synthesis and perception, respectively. To optimize yie...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/12/1100 |
| _version_ | 1797457420630360064 |
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| author | Jianyang Liu Md Tabibul Islam Sherif M. Sherif |
| author_facet | Jianyang Liu Md Tabibul Islam Sherif M. Sherif |
| author_sort | Jianyang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Preharvest fruit drop is a significant physiological problem that affects numerous commercially significant apple varieties, including ‘Gala.’ AVG and 1-MCP are two plant growth regulators commonly used to reduce fruit drop by reducing ethylene synthesis and perception, respectively. To optimize yield and market acceptance, a complete investigation of AVG and 1-MCP impacts on fruit drop and fruit quality of ‘Gala’ apples is required. In this study, four trials were conducted over the course of three years to determine the effects of AVG and 1-MCP on fruit drop and quality at harvest and after cold storage. Our results indicated that applications of AVG at the full-rate (130 mgL<sup>−1</sup>) three weeks before harvest (WBAH) were more effective at minimizing fruit drop than applications at the half-rate (65 mgL<sup>−1</sup>) and did not differ significantly from the double rate (260 mgL<sup>−1</sup>). Additionally, a single application of AVG was as effective in preventing fruit drop as two applications of 1-MCP. We also demonstrated that AVG decreased fruit skin pigmentation when used alone or in conjunction with GA<sub>4+7</sub> or 1-MCP, while 1-MCP applications had no negative effect on fruit color. Finally, our data showed that when compared to 1-MCP and GA<sub>4+7</sub>, AVG alone was more effective in preventing stem-end splitting in Gala apples. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:21:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af2bf56be3b342fbb3fabb33956325d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:21:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-af2bf56be3b342fbb3fabb33956325d02023-11-24T15:14:33ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242022-11-01812110010.3390/horticulturae8121100Effects of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the Pre-Harvest Drop Rate, Fruit Quality, and Stem-End Splitting in ‘Gala’ ApplesJianyang Liu0Md Tabibul Islam1Sherif M. Sherif2Alson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA 22602, USAAlson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA 22602, USAAlson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA 22602, USAPreharvest fruit drop is a significant physiological problem that affects numerous commercially significant apple varieties, including ‘Gala.’ AVG and 1-MCP are two plant growth regulators commonly used to reduce fruit drop by reducing ethylene synthesis and perception, respectively. To optimize yield and market acceptance, a complete investigation of AVG and 1-MCP impacts on fruit drop and fruit quality of ‘Gala’ apples is required. In this study, four trials were conducted over the course of three years to determine the effects of AVG and 1-MCP on fruit drop and quality at harvest and after cold storage. Our results indicated that applications of AVG at the full-rate (130 mgL<sup>−1</sup>) three weeks before harvest (WBAH) were more effective at minimizing fruit drop than applications at the half-rate (65 mgL<sup>−1</sup>) and did not differ significantly from the double rate (260 mgL<sup>−1</sup>). Additionally, a single application of AVG was as effective in preventing fruit drop as two applications of 1-MCP. We also demonstrated that AVG decreased fruit skin pigmentation when used alone or in conjunction with GA<sub>4+7</sub> or 1-MCP, while 1-MCP applications had no negative effect on fruit color. Finally, our data showed that when compared to 1-MCP and GA<sub>4+7</sub>, AVG alone was more effective in preventing stem-end splitting in Gala apples.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/12/1100preharvest dropethyleneplant growth regulatorsstem end splittingGA<sub>4+7</sub> |
| spellingShingle | Jianyang Liu Md Tabibul Islam Sherif M. Sherif Effects of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the Pre-Harvest Drop Rate, Fruit Quality, and Stem-End Splitting in ‘Gala’ Apples Horticulturae preharvest drop ethylene plant growth regulators stem end splitting GA<sub>4+7</sub> |
| title | Effects of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the Pre-Harvest Drop Rate, Fruit Quality, and Stem-End Splitting in ‘Gala’ Apples |
| title_full | Effects of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the Pre-Harvest Drop Rate, Fruit Quality, and Stem-End Splitting in ‘Gala’ Apples |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the Pre-Harvest Drop Rate, Fruit Quality, and Stem-End Splitting in ‘Gala’ Apples |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the Pre-Harvest Drop Rate, Fruit Quality, and Stem-End Splitting in ‘Gala’ Apples |
| title_short | Effects of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the Pre-Harvest Drop Rate, Fruit Quality, and Stem-End Splitting in ‘Gala’ Apples |
| title_sort | effects of aminoethoxyvinylglycine avg and 1 methylcyclopropene 1 mcp on the pre harvest drop rate fruit quality and stem end splitting in gala apples |
| topic | preharvest drop ethylene plant growth regulators stem end splitting GA<sub>4+7</sub> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/12/1100 |
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