Balanced-ternary-inspired reconfigurable vortex beams using cascaded metasurfaces
Electromagnetic vortex carries the orbital angular momentum, one of the most fundamental properties of waves. The order of such vortex can be unbounded in principle, thus facilitating high-capability wave technologies for optical communications, photonic integrated circuits and others. However, it r...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
De Gruyter
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Nanophotonics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2022-0066 |
| _version_ | 1797947912859156480 |
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| author | Liu Ji Qi Jurui Yao Jin Hu Wenman Zhang Dajun Xu He-Xiu Wang Xiong |
| author_facet | Liu Ji Qi Jurui Yao Jin Hu Wenman Zhang Dajun Xu He-Xiu Wang Xiong |
| author_sort | Liu Ji |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electromagnetic vortex carries the orbital angular momentum, one of the most fundamental properties of waves. The order of such vortex can be unbounded in principle, thus facilitating high-capability wave technologies for optical communications, photonic integrated circuits and others. However, it remains a key challenge to generate the high-order vortex beams in a reconfigurable, broadband and cost-effective manner. Here, inspired by the balanced-ternary concept, we demonstrate the reconfigurable generation of order-controllable vortices via cascaded N-layer metasurfaces. We theoretically showed that 3N−1${3}^{N}-1$ different vortex modes can be generated by cascading N metasurfaces, each one serving as an individual vortex beam generator for the order of 3k${3}^{k}$ (k = 0,1,2 …, N−1$N-1$). As a proof-of-concept demonstration, a reconfigurable generation of 26 different vortex beams, with orders from 1 to 13 and from −1 to −13, is showcased in a broad millimeter-wave region by a cascade of 3 metasurfaces. Our method can be easily extended to vortex beam generator of arbitrary orders in a reconfigurable and easily implementable manner, paving a new avenue towards tremendous practical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:35:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af35aaa93ba6487cb9e43e2a0ef86d86 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2192-8614 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:35:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanophotonics |
| spelling | doaj.art-af35aaa93ba6487cb9e43e2a0ef86d862023-01-19T12:47:00ZengDe GruyterNanophotonics2192-86142022-04-0111102369237910.1515/nanoph-2022-0066Balanced-ternary-inspired reconfigurable vortex beams using cascaded metasurfacesLiu Ji0Qi Jurui1Yao Jin2Hu Wenman3Zhang Dajun4Xu He-Xiu5Wang Xiong6School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, ChinaAir Force Engineering University, Xi’an710051, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, ChinaElectromagnetic vortex carries the orbital angular momentum, one of the most fundamental properties of waves. The order of such vortex can be unbounded in principle, thus facilitating high-capability wave technologies for optical communications, photonic integrated circuits and others. However, it remains a key challenge to generate the high-order vortex beams in a reconfigurable, broadband and cost-effective manner. Here, inspired by the balanced-ternary concept, we demonstrate the reconfigurable generation of order-controllable vortices via cascaded N-layer metasurfaces. We theoretically showed that 3N−1${3}^{N}-1$ different vortex modes can be generated by cascading N metasurfaces, each one serving as an individual vortex beam generator for the order of 3k${3}^{k}$ (k = 0,1,2 …, N−1$N-1$). As a proof-of-concept demonstration, a reconfigurable generation of 26 different vortex beams, with orders from 1 to 13 and from −1 to −13, is showcased in a broad millimeter-wave region by a cascade of 3 metasurfaces. Our method can be easily extended to vortex beam generator of arbitrary orders in a reconfigurable and easily implementable manner, paving a new avenue towards tremendous practical applications.https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2022-0066balanced ternary systembroadband vortex beamscascaded metasurfaceshigh-order vortex beamsreconfigurable generation of vortex beamsvortex beams |
| spellingShingle | Liu Ji Qi Jurui Yao Jin Hu Wenman Zhang Dajun Xu He-Xiu Wang Xiong Balanced-ternary-inspired reconfigurable vortex beams using cascaded metasurfaces Nanophotonics balanced ternary system broadband vortex beams cascaded metasurfaces high-order vortex beams reconfigurable generation of vortex beams vortex beams |
| title | Balanced-ternary-inspired reconfigurable vortex beams using cascaded metasurfaces |
| title_full | Balanced-ternary-inspired reconfigurable vortex beams using cascaded metasurfaces |
| title_fullStr | Balanced-ternary-inspired reconfigurable vortex beams using cascaded metasurfaces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Balanced-ternary-inspired reconfigurable vortex beams using cascaded metasurfaces |
| title_short | Balanced-ternary-inspired reconfigurable vortex beams using cascaded metasurfaces |
| title_sort | balanced ternary inspired reconfigurable vortex beams using cascaded metasurfaces |
| topic | balanced ternary system broadband vortex beams cascaded metasurfaces high-order vortex beams reconfigurable generation of vortex beams vortex beams |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2022-0066 |
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