Neuronal entropy depends on the level of alertness in the parkinsonian Globus Pallidus in vivo
A new working hypothesis of Parkinson's disease proposes to focus on the central role of entropy increase in the Basal Ganglia in movement disorders. The conditions necessary for entropy increase in vivo are, however, still not fully described. We recorded the activity of single Globus Pallidus...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fneur.2014.00096/full |
| _version_ | 1830144106532175872 |
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| author | Daniela Sabrina Andres Daniela Sabrina Andres Daniela Sabrina Andres Daniel eCerquetti Marcelo eMerello Ruedi eStoop |
| author_facet | Daniela Sabrina Andres Daniela Sabrina Andres Daniela Sabrina Andres Daniel eCerquetti Marcelo eMerello Ruedi eStoop |
| author_sort | Daniela Sabrina Andres |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A new working hypothesis of Parkinson's disease proposes to focus on the central role of entropy increase in the Basal Ganglia in movement disorders. The conditions necessary for entropy increase in vivo are, however, still not fully described. We recorded the activity of single Globus Pallidus pars interna (GPi) neurons during the transition from deep anesthesia to full alertness in relaxed, head-restrained, control and parkinsonian (6OHDA-lesioned) rats. We found that during awakening from anesthesia, the variation of neuronal entropy was significantly higher in the parkinsonian than in the control group. This implies in our view that in Parkinson's disease the entropy of the output neurons of the Basal Ganglia varies dynamically with the input to the network, which is determined by the level of alertness. Therefore, entropy needs to be interpreted as a dynamic, emergent property that characterizes the global state of the Basal Ganglia neuronal network, rather than a static property of parkinsonian neurons themselves. Within the framework of the entropy hypothesis, this implies the presence of a pathological feedback loop in the parkinsonian Basal Ganglia, where increasing the network input results in a further increase of neuronal entropy and a worsening of akinesia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T10:00:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af3675eefbf94c5ba0e07f6c721322cd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T10:00:23Z |
| publishDate | 2014-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-af3675eefbf94c5ba0e07f6c721322cd2022-12-21T21:53:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952014-06-01510.3389/fneur.2014.0009696661Neuronal entropy depends on the level of alertness in the parkinsonian Globus Pallidus in vivoDaniela Sabrina Andres0Daniela Sabrina Andres1Daniela Sabrina Andres2Daniel eCerquetti3Marcelo eMerello4Ruedi eStoop5Neuroinformatics Institute, ETH and University Zurich, SwitzerlandFleni InstituteSociety in Science, The Branco-Weiss Fellowship, administered by ETH ZurichFleni InstituteFleni InstituteNeuroinformatics Institute, ETH and University Zurich, SwitzerlandA new working hypothesis of Parkinson's disease proposes to focus on the central role of entropy increase in the Basal Ganglia in movement disorders. The conditions necessary for entropy increase in vivo are, however, still not fully described. We recorded the activity of single Globus Pallidus pars interna (GPi) neurons during the transition from deep anesthesia to full alertness in relaxed, head-restrained, control and parkinsonian (6OHDA-lesioned) rats. We found that during awakening from anesthesia, the variation of neuronal entropy was significantly higher in the parkinsonian than in the control group. This implies in our view that in Parkinson's disease the entropy of the output neurons of the Basal Ganglia varies dynamically with the input to the network, which is determined by the level of alertness. Therefore, entropy needs to be interpreted as a dynamic, emergent property that characterizes the global state of the Basal Ganglia neuronal network, rather than a static property of parkinsonian neurons themselves. Within the framework of the entropy hypothesis, this implies the presence of a pathological feedback loop in the parkinsonian Basal Ganglia, where increasing the network input results in a further increase of neuronal entropy and a worsening of akinesia.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fneur.2014.00096/fullBasal GangliaParkinson Diseasealertnessentropynon-linear dynamicsemergent properties |
| spellingShingle | Daniela Sabrina Andres Daniela Sabrina Andres Daniela Sabrina Andres Daniel eCerquetti Marcelo eMerello Ruedi eStoop Neuronal entropy depends on the level of alertness in the parkinsonian Globus Pallidus in vivo Frontiers in Neurology Basal Ganglia Parkinson Disease alertness entropy non-linear dynamics emergent properties |
| title | Neuronal entropy depends on the level of alertness in the parkinsonian Globus Pallidus in vivo |
| title_full | Neuronal entropy depends on the level of alertness in the parkinsonian Globus Pallidus in vivo |
| title_fullStr | Neuronal entropy depends on the level of alertness in the parkinsonian Globus Pallidus in vivo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neuronal entropy depends on the level of alertness in the parkinsonian Globus Pallidus in vivo |
| title_short | Neuronal entropy depends on the level of alertness in the parkinsonian Globus Pallidus in vivo |
| title_sort | neuronal entropy depends on the level of alertness in the parkinsonian globus pallidus in vivo |
| topic | Basal Ganglia Parkinson Disease alertness entropy non-linear dynamics emergent properties |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fneur.2014.00096/full |
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