Which Is the Best Substrate to Regenerate? A Comparative Pot Experiment for Tree Seedling Growth on Decayed Wood and in Soil
Dead wood is an important microsite for seedling regeneration in forest ecosystems. Although recent studies have found important associations between fungal wood decay type (white rot and brown rot) and both density and species composition of regenerating seedlings, its abiotic and biotic mechanisms...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | Forests |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/7/1036 |
| _version_ | 1797433615861153792 |
|---|---|
| author | Yu Fukasawa Hiroyuki Kitabatake |
| author_facet | Yu Fukasawa Hiroyuki Kitabatake |
| author_sort | Yu Fukasawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dead wood is an important microsite for seedling regeneration in forest ecosystems. Although recent studies have found important associations between fungal wood decay type (white rot and brown rot) and both density and species composition of regenerating seedlings, its abiotic and biotic mechanisms are unknown. In the present study, pot experiments were conducted with the seedlings of two ectomycorrhizal tree species (<i>Abies veitchii</i> and <i>Betula ermanii</i>) and two arbuscular mycorrhizal tree species (<i>Chamaecyparis obtusa</i> and <i>Cryptomeria japonica</i>) to evaluate their growth using three substrates: brown rot wood, white rot wood, and soil. Results showed that the shoot growth of <i>B. ermanii</i> grown in white rot wood was greater than in other substrates, but this effect disappeared in sterilized substrates, suggesting some biotic positive effects occur in white rot wood. The seedling weights of <i>Cr. japonica</i> and <i>Ch. obtusa</i> were found to be greater in soil than in wood, and this may be partly attributable to the high mycorrhizal rate of their roots in soil. Colonization of arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi was restricted to the seedlings in unsterilized soil. These results demonstrate the importance of the biological mechanisms affecting seedlings’ preferences for a variety of regeneration microsites and illustrate the need for future experiments to include larger sets of seedling species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:19:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af453b1e88dd4419abea0251422b5db9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:19:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-af453b1e88dd4419abea0251422b5db92023-12-01T22:09:29ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072022-07-01137103610.3390/f13071036Which Is the Best Substrate to Regenerate? A Comparative Pot Experiment for Tree Seedling Growth on Decayed Wood and in SoilYu Fukasawa0Hiroyuki Kitabatake1Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 232-3 Yomogida, Naruko, Osaki 989-6711, Miyagi, JapanGraduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 232-3 Yomogida, Naruko, Osaki 989-6711, Miyagi, JapanDead wood is an important microsite for seedling regeneration in forest ecosystems. Although recent studies have found important associations between fungal wood decay type (white rot and brown rot) and both density and species composition of regenerating seedlings, its abiotic and biotic mechanisms are unknown. In the present study, pot experiments were conducted with the seedlings of two ectomycorrhizal tree species (<i>Abies veitchii</i> and <i>Betula ermanii</i>) and two arbuscular mycorrhizal tree species (<i>Chamaecyparis obtusa</i> and <i>Cryptomeria japonica</i>) to evaluate their growth using three substrates: brown rot wood, white rot wood, and soil. Results showed that the shoot growth of <i>B. ermanii</i> grown in white rot wood was greater than in other substrates, but this effect disappeared in sterilized substrates, suggesting some biotic positive effects occur in white rot wood. The seedling weights of <i>Cr. japonica</i> and <i>Ch. obtusa</i> were found to be greater in soil than in wood, and this may be partly attributable to the high mycorrhizal rate of their roots in soil. Colonization of arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi was restricted to the seedlings in unsterilized soil. These results demonstrate the importance of the biological mechanisms affecting seedlings’ preferences for a variety of regeneration microsites and illustrate the need for future experiments to include larger sets of seedling species.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/7/1036arbuscular mycorrhiza<i>Betula ermanii</i>brown rotectomycorrhizanurse logwhite rot |
| spellingShingle | Yu Fukasawa Hiroyuki Kitabatake Which Is the Best Substrate to Regenerate? A Comparative Pot Experiment for Tree Seedling Growth on Decayed Wood and in Soil Forests arbuscular mycorrhiza <i>Betula ermanii</i> brown rot ectomycorrhiza nurse log white rot |
| title | Which Is the Best Substrate to Regenerate? A Comparative Pot Experiment for Tree Seedling Growth on Decayed Wood and in Soil |
| title_full | Which Is the Best Substrate to Regenerate? A Comparative Pot Experiment for Tree Seedling Growth on Decayed Wood and in Soil |
| title_fullStr | Which Is the Best Substrate to Regenerate? A Comparative Pot Experiment for Tree Seedling Growth on Decayed Wood and in Soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Which Is the Best Substrate to Regenerate? A Comparative Pot Experiment for Tree Seedling Growth on Decayed Wood and in Soil |
| title_short | Which Is the Best Substrate to Regenerate? A Comparative Pot Experiment for Tree Seedling Growth on Decayed Wood and in Soil |
| title_sort | which is the best substrate to regenerate a comparative pot experiment for tree seedling growth on decayed wood and in soil |
| topic | arbuscular mycorrhiza <i>Betula ermanii</i> brown rot ectomycorrhiza nurse log white rot |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/7/1036 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yufukasawa whichisthebestsubstratetoregenerateacomparativepotexperimentfortreeseedlinggrowthondecayedwoodandinsoil AT hiroyukikitabatake whichisthebestsubstratetoregenerateacomparativepotexperimentfortreeseedlinggrowthondecayedwoodandinsoil |