Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Breakthrough among the Non-Vaccinated and Vaccinated Population in Italy: A Real-World Evidence Study Based on Big Data
SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination can occur because COVID-19 vaccines do not offer 100% protection. The study aim was to assess duration of vaccination coverage, disease symptoms and type of hospitalization among non-vaccinated and vaccinated subjects to evaluate the vaccination trend over time...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Healthcare |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/6/1085 |
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| author | Alessandro Perrella Massimo Bisogno Angelo D’Argenzio Ugo Trama Enrico Coscioni Valentina Orlando |
| author_facet | Alessandro Perrella Massimo Bisogno Angelo D’Argenzio Ugo Trama Enrico Coscioni Valentina Orlando |
| author_sort | Alessandro Perrella |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination can occur because COVID-19 vaccines do not offer 100% protection. The study aim was to assess duration of vaccination coverage, disease symptoms and type of hospitalization among non-vaccinated and vaccinated subjects to evaluate the vaccination trend over time. A retrospective cohort study was carried out among people testing COVID-19 positive in Campania Region using information from the Health Information System of Campania Region (Sinfonia). Vaccination status was assessed considering: no vaccination, partial vaccination and effective vaccination. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate the association between ICU admissions caused by COVID-19 and gender, age groups and vaccine type. Vaccine coverage duration trends were investigated using segmented linear regression and breakpoint estimations. Vaccination coverage was assessed by analyzing COVID-19 positive subjects in the 9 months after an effective dose vaccination. A significant risk of hospitalization in the ICU was caused by vaccination status: subjects non-vaccinated (OR: 7.14) and partially vaccinated (OR: 3.68) were 3 and 7 times more at risk of hospitalization, respectively, than subjects effectively vaccinated. Regarding subjects with an effective vaccination, the vaccine’s ability to protect against infection in the months following vaccination decreased. The risk of contracting COVID-19 after vaccination was higher 5 months (β = 1441, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and 7 months (β = 3110, <i>p</i> < 0.001) after administration of an effective dose. COVID-19 vaccines were demonstrated to protect from symptomatic infection by significantly reducing hospitalization risk, and their full protection against SARS-CoV-2 was demonstrated to decrease after 5 months regardless of age, gender or vaccine type. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:41:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af61d4b758a745d6aed5e0debf42cf44 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9032 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:41:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-af61d4b758a745d6aed5e0debf42cf442023-11-23T16:52:41ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322022-06-01106108510.3390/healthcare10061085Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Breakthrough among the Non-Vaccinated and Vaccinated Population in Italy: A Real-World Evidence Study Based on Big DataAlessandro Perrella0Massimo Bisogno1Angelo D’Argenzio2Ugo Trama3Enrico Coscioni4Valentina Orlando5Regional Task Force COVID-19, Campania Region, 80143 Naples, ItalySinfonia Regional Health Information System of Campania Region, 80143 Naples, ItalyRegional Task Force COVID-19, Campania Region, 80143 Naples, ItalyRegional Task Force COVID-19, Campania Region, 80143 Naples, ItalyRegional Task Force COVID-19, Campania Region, 80143 Naples, ItalyDirectorate-General for Health Protection, Campania Region, 80143 Naples, ItalySARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination can occur because COVID-19 vaccines do not offer 100% protection. The study aim was to assess duration of vaccination coverage, disease symptoms and type of hospitalization among non-vaccinated and vaccinated subjects to evaluate the vaccination trend over time. A retrospective cohort study was carried out among people testing COVID-19 positive in Campania Region using information from the Health Information System of Campania Region (Sinfonia). Vaccination status was assessed considering: no vaccination, partial vaccination and effective vaccination. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate the association between ICU admissions caused by COVID-19 and gender, age groups and vaccine type. Vaccine coverage duration trends were investigated using segmented linear regression and breakpoint estimations. Vaccination coverage was assessed by analyzing COVID-19 positive subjects in the 9 months after an effective dose vaccination. A significant risk of hospitalization in the ICU was caused by vaccination status: subjects non-vaccinated (OR: 7.14) and partially vaccinated (OR: 3.68) were 3 and 7 times more at risk of hospitalization, respectively, than subjects effectively vaccinated. Regarding subjects with an effective vaccination, the vaccine’s ability to protect against infection in the months following vaccination decreased. The risk of contracting COVID-19 after vaccination was higher 5 months (β = 1441, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and 7 months (β = 3110, <i>p</i> < 0.001) after administration of an effective dose. COVID-19 vaccines were demonstrated to protect from symptomatic infection by significantly reducing hospitalization risk, and their full protection against SARS-CoV-2 was demonstrated to decrease after 5 months regardless of age, gender or vaccine type.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/6/1085SARS-CoV-2 infectionCOVID-19vaccine dosesCOVID-19 symptoms |
| spellingShingle | Alessandro Perrella Massimo Bisogno Angelo D’Argenzio Ugo Trama Enrico Coscioni Valentina Orlando Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Breakthrough among the Non-Vaccinated and Vaccinated Population in Italy: A Real-World Evidence Study Based on Big Data Healthcare SARS-CoV-2 infection COVID-19 vaccine doses COVID-19 symptoms |
| title | Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Breakthrough among the Non-Vaccinated and Vaccinated Population in Italy: A Real-World Evidence Study Based on Big Data |
| title_full | Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Breakthrough among the Non-Vaccinated and Vaccinated Population in Italy: A Real-World Evidence Study Based on Big Data |
| title_fullStr | Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Breakthrough among the Non-Vaccinated and Vaccinated Population in Italy: A Real-World Evidence Study Based on Big Data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Breakthrough among the Non-Vaccinated and Vaccinated Population in Italy: A Real-World Evidence Study Based on Big Data |
| title_short | Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Breakthrough among the Non-Vaccinated and Vaccinated Population in Italy: A Real-World Evidence Study Based on Big Data |
| title_sort | risk of sars cov 2 infection breakthrough among the non vaccinated and vaccinated population in italy a real world evidence study based on big data |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 infection COVID-19 vaccine doses COVID-19 symptoms |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/6/1085 |
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