Effects of the ketogenic diet on bone health: A systematic review
ObjectiveTo carry out a systematic review of published studies to evaluate the relationship between different type of ketogenic diet (KD) and bone health as supported by the scientific literature.MethodsThe study involved all articles that assessed the relationship between the use of KD for the trea...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-02-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1042744/full |
| _version_ | 1828045649662181376 |
|---|---|
| author | Vincenzo Garofalo Federica Barbagallo Rossella Cannarella Aldo Eugenio Calogero Sandro La Vignera Rosita Angela Condorelli |
| author_facet | Vincenzo Garofalo Federica Barbagallo Rossella Cannarella Aldo Eugenio Calogero Sandro La Vignera Rosita Angela Condorelli |
| author_sort | Vincenzo Garofalo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveTo carry out a systematic review of published studies to evaluate the relationship between different type of ketogenic diet (KD) and bone health as supported by the scientific literature.MethodsThe study involved all articles that assessed the relationship between the use of KD for the treatment of overweight or obesity and bone health. The quality assessment was evaluated with using the Cambridge Quality Checklists. The search strategy included the following combination of Medical Subjects Headings terms and keywords: “osteoporosis”, ”bone health, ”bone function”, ”bone mineral density”, and “ketogenic diet”.ResultsSeven trials were identified and reviewed. No significant changes in bone mass density (BMD) were observed after KD. The results showed no significant effect on bone resorption by measuring urinary N-telopeptide levels, on bone formation by measuring bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, or alterations in overall bone turnover in patients who followed KD. Only in female subject after a 10% weight loss, bone resorption increases while new bone synthesis decreases, but without increasing the risk of osteoporosis. Finally, patients on KD lost significantly more weight than controls, associated with an increase in serum vitamin D levels and a reduction in plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.ConclusionNo human studies have currently been conducted with adequate and powerful experimental designs to definitively understand the impact of KD therapy on bone health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T18:15:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af6328843ca440a4bf08f756c0332a69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T18:15:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-af6328843ca440a4bf08f756c0332a692023-02-02T09:32:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922023-02-011410.3389/fendo.2023.10427441042744Effects of the ketogenic diet on bone health: A systematic reviewVincenzo GarofaloFederica BarbagalloRossella CannarellaAldo Eugenio CalogeroSandro La VigneraRosita Angela CondorelliObjectiveTo carry out a systematic review of published studies to evaluate the relationship between different type of ketogenic diet (KD) and bone health as supported by the scientific literature.MethodsThe study involved all articles that assessed the relationship between the use of KD for the treatment of overweight or obesity and bone health. The quality assessment was evaluated with using the Cambridge Quality Checklists. The search strategy included the following combination of Medical Subjects Headings terms and keywords: “osteoporosis”, ”bone health, ”bone function”, ”bone mineral density”, and “ketogenic diet”.ResultsSeven trials were identified and reviewed. No significant changes in bone mass density (BMD) were observed after KD. The results showed no significant effect on bone resorption by measuring urinary N-telopeptide levels, on bone formation by measuring bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, or alterations in overall bone turnover in patients who followed KD. Only in female subject after a 10% weight loss, bone resorption increases while new bone synthesis decreases, but without increasing the risk of osteoporosis. Finally, patients on KD lost significantly more weight than controls, associated with an increase in serum vitamin D levels and a reduction in plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.ConclusionNo human studies have currently been conducted with adequate and powerful experimental designs to definitively understand the impact of KD therapy on bone health.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1042744/fullketogenic dietlow-calorie ketogenic dietvery-low-calorie ketogenic dietbone healthosteoporosisbone mineral density |
| spellingShingle | Vincenzo Garofalo Federica Barbagallo Rossella Cannarella Aldo Eugenio Calogero Sandro La Vignera Rosita Angela Condorelli Effects of the ketogenic diet on bone health: A systematic review Frontiers in Endocrinology ketogenic diet low-calorie ketogenic diet very-low-calorie ketogenic diet bone health osteoporosis bone mineral density |
| title | Effects of the ketogenic diet on bone health: A systematic review |
| title_full | Effects of the ketogenic diet on bone health: A systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Effects of the ketogenic diet on bone health: A systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of the ketogenic diet on bone health: A systematic review |
| title_short | Effects of the ketogenic diet on bone health: A systematic review |
| title_sort | effects of the ketogenic diet on bone health a systematic review |
| topic | ketogenic diet low-calorie ketogenic diet very-low-calorie ketogenic diet bone health osteoporosis bone mineral density |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1042744/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vincenzogarofalo effectsoftheketogenicdietonbonehealthasystematicreview AT federicabarbagallo effectsoftheketogenicdietonbonehealthasystematicreview AT rossellacannarella effectsoftheketogenicdietonbonehealthasystematicreview AT aldoeugeniocalogero effectsoftheketogenicdietonbonehealthasystematicreview AT sandrolavignera effectsoftheketogenicdietonbonehealthasystematicreview AT rositaangelacondorelli effectsoftheketogenicdietonbonehealthasystematicreview |