Intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine in horse induced neutralizing antibodies against authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant
Peptide vaccine is not effective due to its low immunogenicity. To improve the efficacy of peptide vaccine against COVID-19, a novel method was developed by mixing a COVID-19 peptide vaccine with a tetanus vaccine. In this study, intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and t...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Vaccine: X |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136222000900 |
| _version_ | 1797978169680068608 |
|---|---|
| author | Weiwen Deng Raymond W. Sweeney |
| author_facet | Weiwen Deng Raymond W. Sweeney |
| author_sort | Weiwen Deng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Peptide vaccine is not effective due to its low immunogenicity. To improve the efficacy of peptide vaccine against COVID-19, a novel method was developed by mixing a COVID-19 peptide vaccine with a tetanus vaccine. In this study, intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine twice, i.e., first dose on day 0 and second dose on day 21, induced neutralizing antibodies against authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in a horse. Horse serum of day 35, i.e., two weeks after the second dose, neutralized authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, equal to half effectiveness of human serum from vaccinees of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. However, neither horse serum nor human serum neutralized Omicron variant authentic virus. No side effects were observed after each dose. This study indicates intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine may work in humans to improve peptide vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:18:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af72bea1ff5c40d4a8de72f23852768c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2590-1362 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:18:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccine: X |
| spelling | doaj.art-af72bea1ff5c40d4a8de72f23852768c2022-12-24T04:57:13ZengElsevierVaccine: X2590-13622022-12-0112100230Intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine in horse induced neutralizing antibodies against authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variantWeiwen Deng0Raymond W. Sweeney1Behring Therapeutics, Inc., 50 Bridge Street, Shelton, CT, USA; Corresponding author.Department of Clinical Studies-New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 382, West Street Road, Kennett Square, PA, USAPeptide vaccine is not effective due to its low immunogenicity. To improve the efficacy of peptide vaccine against COVID-19, a novel method was developed by mixing a COVID-19 peptide vaccine with a tetanus vaccine. In this study, intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine twice, i.e., first dose on day 0 and second dose on day 21, induced neutralizing antibodies against authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in a horse. Horse serum of day 35, i.e., two weeks after the second dose, neutralized authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, equal to half effectiveness of human serum from vaccinees of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. However, neither horse serum nor human serum neutralized Omicron variant authentic virus. No side effects were observed after each dose. This study indicates intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine may work in humans to improve peptide vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136222000900COVID-19Peptide vaccineTetanus vaccineNeutralizing antibodiesDelta variantOmicron variant |
| spellingShingle | Weiwen Deng Raymond W. Sweeney Intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine in horse induced neutralizing antibodies against authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant Vaccine: X COVID-19 Peptide vaccine Tetanus vaccine Neutralizing antibodies Delta variant Omicron variant |
| title | Intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine in horse induced neutralizing antibodies against authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant |
| title_full | Intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine in horse induced neutralizing antibodies against authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant |
| title_fullStr | Intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine in horse induced neutralizing antibodies against authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine in horse induced neutralizing antibodies against authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant |
| title_short | Intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine in horse induced neutralizing antibodies against authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant |
| title_sort | intramuscular injection of a mixture of covid 19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine in horse induced neutralizing antibodies against authentic virus of sars cov 2 delta variant |
| topic | COVID-19 Peptide vaccine Tetanus vaccine Neutralizing antibodies Delta variant Omicron variant |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136222000900 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT weiwendeng intramuscularinjectionofamixtureofcovid19peptidevaccineandtetanusvaccineinhorseinducedneutralizingantibodiesagainstauthenticvirusofsarscov2deltavariant AT raymondwsweeney intramuscularinjectionofamixtureofcovid19peptidevaccineandtetanusvaccineinhorseinducedneutralizingantibodiesagainstauthenticvirusofsarscov2deltavariant |