Mentha and Oregano Soil Amendment Induces Enhancement of Tomato Tolerance against Soilborne Diseases, Yield and Quality
Tomato is considered among the most important horticulture crops in both temperate and tropical regions, and two of the major biotic stresses include <i>Fusarium oxysporun</i> f.sp. <i>lycopersici</i> (<i>Fol</i>) and <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> (<i...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/3/406 |
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| author | Kalliopi Kadoglidou Paschalina Chatzopoulou Eleni Maloupa Argyrios Kalaitzidis Sopio Ghoghoberidze Dimitrios Katsantonis |
| author_facet | Kalliopi Kadoglidou Paschalina Chatzopoulou Eleni Maloupa Argyrios Kalaitzidis Sopio Ghoghoberidze Dimitrios Katsantonis |
| author_sort | Kalliopi Kadoglidou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tomato is considered among the most important horticulture crops in both temperate and tropical regions, and two of the major biotic stresses include <i>Fusarium oxysporun</i> f.sp. <i>lycopersici</i> (<i>Fol</i>) and <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> (<i>Vd</i>). The effect of soil incorporated spearmint and oregano dried plant material on physiological, yield and quality parameters of tomato, along with their efficacy against soilborne fungal diseases, was studied in pot experiments conducted in a greenhouse environment. Tomato plants grown in soil amended with spearmint or oregano showed better agronomical characteristics (taller plants with thicker stems) and improved physiological ones (higher chlorophyll content index and photosynthetic rate). Yield was increased and the qualitative features of tomato fruits were enhanced. In addition, plants grown in soil amended with spearmint or oregano and inoculated with <i>Fol</i> or <i>Vd</i> had no visual disease symptoms 50 days from the inoculated tomato transplantation, except from plants grown in soil amended with oregano and inoculated with <i>Fol</i>, which showed symptoms of chlorosis and leaves loss. These enhancements on physiological parameters and on disease suppression resulted in increased fruit yields of plants−grown in soil amended with spearmint and oregano and inoculated with <i>Fol</i> or <i>Vd</i>−by 77%−95% compared with free-disease controls. GC-MS analysis of volatiles derived from soils amended of either spearmint or oregano indicated that several constituents remained in the soil environment long after incorporation of plant material, although, at lower concentrations and considerable modified. The current study reveals that direct incorporation of spearmint or oregano plant material into the soil could improve tomato tolerance against soilborne fungi, soil fertility and consequently increase yield and product quality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T21:32:42Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T21:32:42Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-af763495fd7c4331a4b9ad8445ee9bf52022-12-21T21:31:49ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952020-03-0110340610.3390/agronomy10030406agronomy10030406Mentha and Oregano Soil Amendment Induces Enhancement of Tomato Tolerance against Soilborne Diseases, Yield and QualityKalliopi Kadoglidou0Paschalina Chatzopoulou1Eleni Maloupa2Argyrios Kalaitzidis3Sopio Ghoghoberidze4Dimitrios Katsantonis5Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 57001 Thermi Thessaloniki, GreeceInstitute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 57001 Thermi Thessaloniki, GreeceInstitute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 57001 Thermi Thessaloniki, GreeceInstitute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 57001 Thermi Thessaloniki, GreeceΙnstitute of Phytopathology and Biodiversity, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi 6010, GeorgiaInstitute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 57001 Thermi Thessaloniki, GreeceTomato is considered among the most important horticulture crops in both temperate and tropical regions, and two of the major biotic stresses include <i>Fusarium oxysporun</i> f.sp. <i>lycopersici</i> (<i>Fol</i>) and <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> (<i>Vd</i>). The effect of soil incorporated spearmint and oregano dried plant material on physiological, yield and quality parameters of tomato, along with their efficacy against soilborne fungal diseases, was studied in pot experiments conducted in a greenhouse environment. Tomato plants grown in soil amended with spearmint or oregano showed better agronomical characteristics (taller plants with thicker stems) and improved physiological ones (higher chlorophyll content index and photosynthetic rate). Yield was increased and the qualitative features of tomato fruits were enhanced. In addition, plants grown in soil amended with spearmint or oregano and inoculated with <i>Fol</i> or <i>Vd</i> had no visual disease symptoms 50 days from the inoculated tomato transplantation, except from plants grown in soil amended with oregano and inoculated with <i>Fol</i>, which showed symptoms of chlorosis and leaves loss. These enhancements on physiological parameters and on disease suppression resulted in increased fruit yields of plants−grown in soil amended with spearmint and oregano and inoculated with <i>Fol</i> or <i>Vd</i>−by 77%−95% compared with free-disease controls. GC-MS analysis of volatiles derived from soils amended of either spearmint or oregano indicated that several constituents remained in the soil environment long after incorporation of plant material, although, at lower concentrations and considerable modified. The current study reveals that direct incorporation of spearmint or oregano plant material into the soil could improve tomato tolerance against soilborne fungi, soil fertility and consequently increase yield and product quality.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/3/406antifungal toolplant protectionrenewable inputssoil amendmentsustainable disease management |
| spellingShingle | Kalliopi Kadoglidou Paschalina Chatzopoulou Eleni Maloupa Argyrios Kalaitzidis Sopio Ghoghoberidze Dimitrios Katsantonis Mentha and Oregano Soil Amendment Induces Enhancement of Tomato Tolerance against Soilborne Diseases, Yield and Quality Agronomy antifungal tool plant protection renewable inputs soil amendment sustainable disease management |
| title | Mentha and Oregano Soil Amendment Induces Enhancement of Tomato Tolerance against Soilborne Diseases, Yield and Quality |
| title_full | Mentha and Oregano Soil Amendment Induces Enhancement of Tomato Tolerance against Soilborne Diseases, Yield and Quality |
| title_fullStr | Mentha and Oregano Soil Amendment Induces Enhancement of Tomato Tolerance against Soilborne Diseases, Yield and Quality |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mentha and Oregano Soil Amendment Induces Enhancement of Tomato Tolerance against Soilborne Diseases, Yield and Quality |
| title_short | Mentha and Oregano Soil Amendment Induces Enhancement of Tomato Tolerance against Soilborne Diseases, Yield and Quality |
| title_sort | mentha and oregano soil amendment induces enhancement of tomato tolerance against soilborne diseases yield and quality |
| topic | antifungal tool plant protection renewable inputs soil amendment sustainable disease management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/3/406 |
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