Washing Methods for Remove Sodium Chloride from Oyster Shell Waste: A Comparative Study
The oyster shell is a valuable calcium resource; however, its application is limited by its high NaCl content. Therefore, to establish the use of oyster shells as a viable resource, conditional experiments were conducted to select optimum parameters for NaCl removal. For this purpose, we compared le...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Waste |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2813-0391/1/1/12 |
| _version_ | 1797606995486834688 |
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| author | Jung Eun Park Sang Eun Lee Seokhwi Kim |
| author_facet | Jung Eun Park Sang Eun Lee Seokhwi Kim |
| author_sort | Jung Eun Park |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The oyster shell is a valuable calcium resource; however, its application is limited by its high NaCl content. Therefore, to establish the use of oyster shells as a viable resource, conditional experiments were conducted to select optimum parameters for NaCl removal. For this purpose, we compared leaching methods with batch and sequential procedures, determined the volume of water used for washing, and evaluated the mixing speed. The batch system removed NaCl when washed for >24 h over a shell to water ratio of 1:5. Results from the batch experiments confirmed that washing twice can completely remove NaCl from the shells on a like-for-like basis. Additionally, the efficiency of washing was sequentially evaluated in terms of the number of washing cycles. Compared to batch experiments, continuous washing could remove NaCl in approximately 10 min at a shell to water ratio of 1:4. We found that regardless of the washing methods, the volume of water used for washing is key for enhancing NaCl removal. Consequently, increasing the volume of water used for washing coupled with a proper sorting of fine particles can help enhance the purity of calcium, which will enable the use of oyster shell as an alternate Ca-resource. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:22:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af7d06905fb24b418927a5b3289c6cde |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2813-0391 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:22:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Waste |
| spelling | doaj.art-af7d06905fb24b418927a5b3289c6cde2023-11-17T17:48:38ZengMDPI AGWaste2813-03912023-01-011116617510.3390/waste1010012Washing Methods for Remove Sodium Chloride from Oyster Shell Waste: A Comparative StudyJung Eun Park0Sang Eun Lee1Seokhwi Kim2Center for Bio Resource Recycling, Institute for Advanced Engineering, Yongin-si 17180, Republic of KoreaCenter for Bio Resource Recycling, Institute for Advanced Engineering, Yongin-si 17180, Republic of KoreaCenter for Bio Resource Recycling, Institute for Advanced Engineering, Yongin-si 17180, Republic of KoreaThe oyster shell is a valuable calcium resource; however, its application is limited by its high NaCl content. Therefore, to establish the use of oyster shells as a viable resource, conditional experiments were conducted to select optimum parameters for NaCl removal. For this purpose, we compared leaching methods with batch and sequential procedures, determined the volume of water used for washing, and evaluated the mixing speed. The batch system removed NaCl when washed for >24 h over a shell to water ratio of 1:5. Results from the batch experiments confirmed that washing twice can completely remove NaCl from the shells on a like-for-like basis. Additionally, the efficiency of washing was sequentially evaluated in terms of the number of washing cycles. Compared to batch experiments, continuous washing could remove NaCl in approximately 10 min at a shell to water ratio of 1:4. We found that regardless of the washing methods, the volume of water used for washing is key for enhancing NaCl removal. Consequently, increasing the volume of water used for washing coupled with a proper sorting of fine particles can help enhance the purity of calcium, which will enable the use of oyster shell as an alternate Ca-resource.https://www.mdpi.com/2813-0391/1/1/12oyster shell wastewashing methodsodium chlorideimpuritiesparticle size |
| spellingShingle | Jung Eun Park Sang Eun Lee Seokhwi Kim Washing Methods for Remove Sodium Chloride from Oyster Shell Waste: A Comparative Study Waste oyster shell waste washing method sodium chloride impurities particle size |
| title | Washing Methods for Remove Sodium Chloride from Oyster Shell Waste: A Comparative Study |
| title_full | Washing Methods for Remove Sodium Chloride from Oyster Shell Waste: A Comparative Study |
| title_fullStr | Washing Methods for Remove Sodium Chloride from Oyster Shell Waste: A Comparative Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Washing Methods for Remove Sodium Chloride from Oyster Shell Waste: A Comparative Study |
| title_short | Washing Methods for Remove Sodium Chloride from Oyster Shell Waste: A Comparative Study |
| title_sort | washing methods for remove sodium chloride from oyster shell waste a comparative study |
| topic | oyster shell waste washing method sodium chloride impurities particle size |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2813-0391/1/1/12 |
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