Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens
Abstract Background This study evaluated the effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides (XOS) in a corn-soybean meal (SBM)-based diet on growth performance and intestinal health of broilers. A total of 288 day-old chicks (Cobb 500) were allocated to 36 floor pens (8 birds/pen) equally...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-021-00617-8 |
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| author | Amit K. Singh Birendra Mishra Michael R. Bedford Rajesh Jha |
| author_facet | Amit K. Singh Birendra Mishra Michael R. Bedford Rajesh Jha |
| author_sort | Amit K. Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background This study evaluated the effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides (XOS) in a corn-soybean meal (SBM)-based diet on growth performance and intestinal health of broilers. A total of 288 day-old chicks (Cobb 500) were allocated to 36 floor pens (8 birds/pen) equally in 9 dietary treatments in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments were combinations of 3 levels of xylanase (0, 0.005% and 0.01% Econase XT) and 3 levels of prebiotics (0, 0.005% and 0.01% XOS) added to basal mash diets formulated in three phases (starter, d 0–14; grower, d 15–28; finisher, d 29–42). The feed intake and body weights were recorded weekly. On d 42, ileal sections were collected for histomorphometric and gene expression analysis, and cecal content was collected for determining short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and microbiota. Results Xylanase linearly (P < 0.01) increased the average daily gain (ADG) in both the finisher and total period and the final body weight gain (FBWG, 2940 & 2932 vs. 2760 g) of broilers. XOS did not significantly increase either ADG or FBWG (P > 0.05). Supplemental xylanase and XOS did not affect average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05). Xylanase and XOS did not change villus height (VH) or crypt depth (CD) ratio (P > 0.05). However, xylanase exhibited a trend (P = 0.097) on VH:CD ratio. The inclusion of 0.01% XOS without xylanase increased the level of IL-10 (a marker of anti-inflammatory cytokine) and IL-4 (a T-cell differentiation cytokine) genes compared with control (P < 0.05). The acetate production was increased by xylanase (P < 0.01) and XOS (P < 0.05) without an additive effect. Xylanase increased total SCFA (P < 0.01) while XOS had a tendency to increase (P = 0.052). Alpha and beta diversity of microbiota among treatments were not different (P > 0.05). However, the mean proportion of family Ruminococcaceae was increased by the supplemental 0.01% xylanase (P < 0.01). Conclusion It can be concluded that XOS can enhance cecal fermentation, while xylanase can increase the body weight gain along with the fermentation metabolites in the ceca of broilers fed the corn-SBM-based diet but the effects may not always translate into an improved mucosal absorptive capacity and a better feed efficiency. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T11:01:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af7e9b2089894e0f81be850de15a0ed6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2049-1891 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T11:01:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| spelling | doaj.art-af7e9b2089894e0f81be850de15a0ed62022-12-21T22:33:59ZengBMCJournal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2049-18912021-09-0112111510.1186/s40104-021-00617-8Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickensAmit K. Singh0Birendra Mishra1Michael R. Bedford2Rajesh Jha3Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at ManoaDepartment of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at ManoaAB Vista Feed IngredientsDepartment of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at ManoaAbstract Background This study evaluated the effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides (XOS) in a corn-soybean meal (SBM)-based diet on growth performance and intestinal health of broilers. A total of 288 day-old chicks (Cobb 500) were allocated to 36 floor pens (8 birds/pen) equally in 9 dietary treatments in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments were combinations of 3 levels of xylanase (0, 0.005% and 0.01% Econase XT) and 3 levels of prebiotics (0, 0.005% and 0.01% XOS) added to basal mash diets formulated in three phases (starter, d 0–14; grower, d 15–28; finisher, d 29–42). The feed intake and body weights were recorded weekly. On d 42, ileal sections were collected for histomorphometric and gene expression analysis, and cecal content was collected for determining short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and microbiota. Results Xylanase linearly (P < 0.01) increased the average daily gain (ADG) in both the finisher and total period and the final body weight gain (FBWG, 2940 & 2932 vs. 2760 g) of broilers. XOS did not significantly increase either ADG or FBWG (P > 0.05). Supplemental xylanase and XOS did not affect average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05). Xylanase and XOS did not change villus height (VH) or crypt depth (CD) ratio (P > 0.05). However, xylanase exhibited a trend (P = 0.097) on VH:CD ratio. The inclusion of 0.01% XOS without xylanase increased the level of IL-10 (a marker of anti-inflammatory cytokine) and IL-4 (a T-cell differentiation cytokine) genes compared with control (P < 0.05). The acetate production was increased by xylanase (P < 0.01) and XOS (P < 0.05) without an additive effect. Xylanase increased total SCFA (P < 0.01) while XOS had a tendency to increase (P = 0.052). Alpha and beta diversity of microbiota among treatments were not different (P > 0.05). However, the mean proportion of family Ruminococcaceae was increased by the supplemental 0.01% xylanase (P < 0.01). Conclusion It can be concluded that XOS can enhance cecal fermentation, while xylanase can increase the body weight gain along with the fermentation metabolites in the ceca of broilers fed the corn-SBM-based diet but the effects may not always translate into an improved mucosal absorptive capacity and a better feed efficiency.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-021-00617-8Gene expressionHistomorphologyMicrobiotaPoultryPrebioticsShort-chain fatty acid |
| spellingShingle | Amit K. Singh Birendra Mishra Michael R. Bedford Rajesh Jha Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology Gene expression Histomorphology Microbiota Poultry Prebiotics Short-chain fatty acid |
| title | Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens |
| title_full | Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens |
| title_fullStr | Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens |
| title_short | Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens |
| title_sort | effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens |
| topic | Gene expression Histomorphology Microbiota Poultry Prebiotics Short-chain fatty acid |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-021-00617-8 |
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