Optical Properties of Coal after Ex-Situ Experimental Simulation of Underground Gasification at Pressures of 10 and 40 bar
Coal gasification experiments were carried out in a reactor used to simulate underground coal gasification (UCG) processes under ex situ conditions at pressures of 10 and 40 bar. Changes in the optical properties of the organic matter were analyzed and the influence of temperature on coal during the...
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2022-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/23/8824 |
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| author | Jacek Nowak Magdalena Kokowska-Pawłowska Joanna Komorek Marian Wiatowski Krzysztof Kapusta Zdzisław Adamczyk |
| author_facet | Jacek Nowak Magdalena Kokowska-Pawłowska Joanna Komorek Marian Wiatowski Krzysztof Kapusta Zdzisław Adamczyk |
| author_sort | Jacek Nowak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coal gasification experiments were carried out in a reactor used to simulate underground coal gasification (UCG) processes under ex situ conditions at pressures of 10 and 40 bar. Changes in the optical properties of the organic matter were analyzed and the influence of temperature on coal during the UGC process was subsequently determined. The values of the true maximum reflectance determined for the gasification residue at pressures of 10 and 40 bar, and at distances of 0.75 and 1.75 m, reached a level corresponding to semi-graphite. Furthermore, it was found that the values of the true maximum reflectance and bireflectance decrease with increasing distance from the reactor chamber inlet. In addition, the results show that, regardless of the pressure used during the experiment, the temperature influence on the coal decreased with increasing distance from the reactor chamber inlet. The true temperatures operating during the experiment were higher than those recorded by the thermocouples, regardless of the pressure used. However, it was found that the distance at which the influence of temperature on the coal is still marked during the gasification process depends on the pressure used in the experiment. For example, in the case of the experiment at a pressure of 10 bar, the estimated distance is approximately 60 m, while for a pressure of 40 bar, it is approximately 35 m. These results can, and should, be taken into account for the planning of an UGC process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:49:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-af945f93399244a88758c5235c83bdf6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:49:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-af945f93399244a88758c5235c83bdf62023-11-24T10:50:55ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-11-011523882410.3390/en15238824Optical Properties of Coal after Ex-Situ Experimental Simulation of Underground Gasification at Pressures of 10 and 40 barJacek Nowak0Magdalena Kokowska-Pawłowska1Joanna Komorek2Marian Wiatowski3Krzysztof Kapusta4Zdzisław Adamczyk5Faculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, PolandFaculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, PolandFaculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, PolandGłówny Instytut Górnictwa (Central Mining Institute), Plac Gwarków 1, 40-166 Katowice, PolandGłówny Instytut Górnictwa (Central Mining Institute), Plac Gwarków 1, 40-166 Katowice, PolandFaculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, PolandCoal gasification experiments were carried out in a reactor used to simulate underground coal gasification (UCG) processes under ex situ conditions at pressures of 10 and 40 bar. Changes in the optical properties of the organic matter were analyzed and the influence of temperature on coal during the UGC process was subsequently determined. The values of the true maximum reflectance determined for the gasification residue at pressures of 10 and 40 bar, and at distances of 0.75 and 1.75 m, reached a level corresponding to semi-graphite. Furthermore, it was found that the values of the true maximum reflectance and bireflectance decrease with increasing distance from the reactor chamber inlet. In addition, the results show that, regardless of the pressure used during the experiment, the temperature influence on the coal decreased with increasing distance from the reactor chamber inlet. The true temperatures operating during the experiment were higher than those recorded by the thermocouples, regardless of the pressure used. However, it was found that the distance at which the influence of temperature on the coal is still marked during the gasification process depends on the pressure used in the experiment. For example, in the case of the experiment at a pressure of 10 bar, the estimated distance is approximately 60 m, while for a pressure of 40 bar, it is approximately 35 m. These results can, and should, be taken into account for the planning of an UGC process.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/23/8824underground coal gasification (UCG)bituminous coaloxygen gasificationreflectancebireflectance |
| spellingShingle | Jacek Nowak Magdalena Kokowska-Pawłowska Joanna Komorek Marian Wiatowski Krzysztof Kapusta Zdzisław Adamczyk Optical Properties of Coal after Ex-Situ Experimental Simulation of Underground Gasification at Pressures of 10 and 40 bar Energies underground coal gasification (UCG) bituminous coal oxygen gasification reflectance bireflectance |
| title | Optical Properties of Coal after Ex-Situ Experimental Simulation of Underground Gasification at Pressures of 10 and 40 bar |
| title_full | Optical Properties of Coal after Ex-Situ Experimental Simulation of Underground Gasification at Pressures of 10 and 40 bar |
| title_fullStr | Optical Properties of Coal after Ex-Situ Experimental Simulation of Underground Gasification at Pressures of 10 and 40 bar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optical Properties of Coal after Ex-Situ Experimental Simulation of Underground Gasification at Pressures of 10 and 40 bar |
| title_short | Optical Properties of Coal after Ex-Situ Experimental Simulation of Underground Gasification at Pressures of 10 and 40 bar |
| title_sort | optical properties of coal after ex situ experimental simulation of underground gasification at pressures of 10 and 40 bar |
| topic | underground coal gasification (UCG) bituminous coal oxygen gasification reflectance bireflectance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/23/8824 |
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