Precision Nephrology in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure and specifically, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) occurs in up to 30% of all diabetic patients. Kidney disease attributed to diabetes is a major contributor to the global burden of the disease in terms of clinical and socio-economic impact, not only beca...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/10/5719 |
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| author | Michele Provenzano Federica Maritati Chiara Abenavoli Claudia Bini Valeria Corradetti Gaetano La Manna Giorgia Comai |
| author_facet | Michele Provenzano Federica Maritati Chiara Abenavoli Claudia Bini Valeria Corradetti Gaetano La Manna Giorgia Comai |
| author_sort | Michele Provenzano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure and specifically, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) occurs in up to 30% of all diabetic patients. Kidney disease attributed to diabetes is a major contributor to the global burden of the disease in terms of clinical and socio-economic impact, not only because of the risk of progression to End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD), but also because of the associated increase in cardiovascular (CV) risk. Despite the introduction of novel treatments that allow us to reduce the risk of future outcomes, a striking residual cardiorenal risk has been reported. This risk is explained by both the heterogeneity of DKD and the individual variability in response to nephroprotective treatments. Strategies that have been proposed to improve DKD patient care are to develop novel biomarkers that classify with greater accuracy patients with respect to their future risk (prognostic) and biomarkers that are able to predict the response to nephroprotective treatment (predictive). In this review, we summarize the principal prognostic biomarkers of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and the novel markers that help clinicians to individualize treatments and the basis of the characteristics that predict an optimal response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:43:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-afbaae9191eb45bfab9dccf2bd8c85ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:43:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-afbaae9191eb45bfab9dccf2bd8c85ba2023-11-23T11:27:21ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-05-012310571910.3390/ijms23105719Precision Nephrology in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney DiseaseMichele Provenzano0Federica Maritati1Chiara Abenavoli2Claudia Bini3Valeria Corradetti4Gaetano La Manna5Giorgia Comai6Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS—Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyNephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS—Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyNephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS—Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyNephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS—Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyNephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS—Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyNephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS—Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyNephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS—Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure and specifically, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) occurs in up to 30% of all diabetic patients. Kidney disease attributed to diabetes is a major contributor to the global burden of the disease in terms of clinical and socio-economic impact, not only because of the risk of progression to End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD), but also because of the associated increase in cardiovascular (CV) risk. Despite the introduction of novel treatments that allow us to reduce the risk of future outcomes, a striking residual cardiorenal risk has been reported. This risk is explained by both the heterogeneity of DKD and the individual variability in response to nephroprotective treatments. Strategies that have been proposed to improve DKD patient care are to develop novel biomarkers that classify with greater accuracy patients with respect to their future risk (prognostic) and biomarkers that are able to predict the response to nephroprotective treatment (predictive). In this review, we summarize the principal prognostic biomarkers of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and the novel markers that help clinicians to individualize treatments and the basis of the characteristics that predict an optimal response.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/10/5719personalized medicineend stage kidney diseasecardiovascular riskproteinuriaeGFR |
| spellingShingle | Michele Provenzano Federica Maritati Chiara Abenavoli Claudia Bini Valeria Corradetti Gaetano La Manna Giorgia Comai Precision Nephrology in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease International Journal of Molecular Sciences personalized medicine end stage kidney disease cardiovascular risk proteinuria eGFR |
| title | Precision Nephrology in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_full | Precision Nephrology in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_fullStr | Precision Nephrology in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Precision Nephrology in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_short | Precision Nephrology in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_sort | precision nephrology in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease |
| topic | personalized medicine end stage kidney disease cardiovascular risk proteinuria eGFR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/10/5719 |
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