Immediate and contributory causes of death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
Objectives: Accurate determination of the immediate causes of death in patients with COVID-19 is important for optimal care and mitigation strategies. Methods: All deaths in Qatar between March 01, 2020, and August 31, 2022, flagged for likely relationship to COVID-19 were reviewed by two independen...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-07-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971223005143 |
| _version_ | 1797826922522083328 |
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| author | Adeel A. Butt Mylai D. Guerrero Elenor B. Canlas Husni Al-Dwairi Aseel Hatem Subhi Alzibdeh Thasneem Odaippurath Ali Ahmed Sheikh Saleh Alkeldi Mohammad Fawaz Saber Mohammad Anil G. Thomas Sherin Shams Samah Saleem Fathima Hanana Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal Ali Nizar Latif Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik Abdullatif Al-Khal Muna Al-Maslamani Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra |
| author_facet | Adeel A. Butt Mylai D. Guerrero Elenor B. Canlas Husni Al-Dwairi Aseel Hatem Subhi Alzibdeh Thasneem Odaippurath Ali Ahmed Sheikh Saleh Alkeldi Mohammad Fawaz Saber Mohammad Anil G. Thomas Sherin Shams Samah Saleem Fathima Hanana Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal Ali Nizar Latif Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik Abdullatif Al-Khal Muna Al-Maslamani Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra |
| author_sort | Adeel A. Butt |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: Accurate determination of the immediate causes of death in patients with COVID-19 is important for optimal care and mitigation strategies. Methods: All deaths in Qatar between March 01, 2020, and August 31, 2022, flagged for likely relationship to COVID-19 were reviewed by two independent, trained reviewers using a standardized methodology to determine the immediate and contributory causes of death. Results: Among 749 flagged deaths, the most common admitting diagnoses were respiratory tract infection (91%) and major adverse cardiac event (MACE, 2.3%). The most common immediate causes of death were COVID-19 pneumonia (66.2%), MACE (7.1%), hospital-associated pneumonia (HAP, 6.8%), bacteremia (6.3%), disseminated fungal infection (DFI, 5.2%), and thromboembolism (4.5%). After COVID-19 pneumonia, MACE was the predominant cause of death in the first 2 weeks but declined thereafter. No death occurred due to bacteremia, HAP, or DFI in the first week after hospitalization, but became increasingly common with increased length of stay in the hospital accounting for 9%, 12%, and 10% of all deaths after 4 weeks in the hospital, respectively. Conclusion: Nearly one-third of patients with COVID-19 infection die of non-COVID-19 causes, some of which are preventable. Mitigation strategies should be instituted to reduce the risk of such deaths. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T12:40:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-afbe1018c7514a26ba5e3af0ae9671a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1201-9712 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T12:40:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-afbe1018c7514a26ba5e3af0ae9671a62023-05-15T04:14:01ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases1201-97122023-07-0113248Immediate and contributory causes of death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19Adeel A. Butt0Mylai D. Guerrero1Elenor B. Canlas2Husni Al-Dwairi3Aseel Hatem Subhi Alzibdeh4Thasneem Odaippurath5Ali Ahmed Sheikh Saleh Alkeldi6Mohammad Fawaz Saber Mohammad7Anil G. Thomas8Sherin Shams9Samah Saleem10Fathima Hanana11Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal12Ali Nizar Latif13Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik14Abdullatif Al-Khal15Muna Al-Maslamani16Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra17Corporate Quality and Patient Safety Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Departments of Medicine and Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine New York, New York, USA; Departments of Medicine and Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar; Corresponding author.Corporate Quality and Patient Safety Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCorporate Quality and Patient Safety Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCorporate Quality and Patient Safety Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCommunicable Diseases Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCommunicable Diseases Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCorporate Quality and Patient Safety Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCorporate Quality and Patient Safety Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCorporate Quality and Patient Safety Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCorporate Quality and Patient Safety Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCorporate Quality and Patient Safety Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCorporate Quality and Patient Safety Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarBusiness Intelligence Unit, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarBusiness Intelligence Unit, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarBusiness Intelligence Unit, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCommunicable Diseases Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCommunicable Diseases Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarCorporate Quality and Patient Safety Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarObjectives: Accurate determination of the immediate causes of death in patients with COVID-19 is important for optimal care and mitigation strategies. Methods: All deaths in Qatar between March 01, 2020, and August 31, 2022, flagged for likely relationship to COVID-19 were reviewed by two independent, trained reviewers using a standardized methodology to determine the immediate and contributory causes of death. Results: Among 749 flagged deaths, the most common admitting diagnoses were respiratory tract infection (91%) and major adverse cardiac event (MACE, 2.3%). The most common immediate causes of death were COVID-19 pneumonia (66.2%), MACE (7.1%), hospital-associated pneumonia (HAP, 6.8%), bacteremia (6.3%), disseminated fungal infection (DFI, 5.2%), and thromboembolism (4.5%). After COVID-19 pneumonia, MACE was the predominant cause of death in the first 2 weeks but declined thereafter. No death occurred due to bacteremia, HAP, or DFI in the first week after hospitalization, but became increasingly common with increased length of stay in the hospital accounting for 9%, 12%, and 10% of all deaths after 4 weeks in the hospital, respectively. Conclusion: Nearly one-third of patients with COVID-19 infection die of non-COVID-19 causes, some of which are preventable. Mitigation strategies should be instituted to reduce the risk of such deaths.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971223005143SARS-CoV-2COVID-19MortalityCause of death |
| spellingShingle | Adeel A. Butt Mylai D. Guerrero Elenor B. Canlas Husni Al-Dwairi Aseel Hatem Subhi Alzibdeh Thasneem Odaippurath Ali Ahmed Sheikh Saleh Alkeldi Mohammad Fawaz Saber Mohammad Anil G. Thomas Sherin Shams Samah Saleem Fathima Hanana Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal Ali Nizar Latif Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik Abdullatif Al-Khal Muna Al-Maslamani Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra Immediate and contributory causes of death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 International Journal of Infectious Diseases SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Mortality Cause of death |
| title | Immediate and contributory causes of death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 |
| title_full | Immediate and contributory causes of death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr | Immediate and contributory causes of death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immediate and contributory causes of death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 |
| title_short | Immediate and contributory causes of death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 |
| title_sort | immediate and contributory causes of death in patients hospitalized with covid 19 |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Mortality Cause of death |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971223005143 |
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