Immune checkpoint blockade therapy for BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer: the efficacy, new strategies, and potential biomarkers
Abstract BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer has long been considered a tumor with a poor prognosis and a poor response to chemotherapy. Despite the efficacy of targeted therapy with multi-targeted blockade of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway has brought a glimmer o...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Discover Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-023-00718-y |
| _version_ | 1797806663168688128 |
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| author | Jie Zhong Zijian Sun Sheng Li Liu Yang Yuepeng Cao Jun Bao |
| author_facet | Jie Zhong Zijian Sun Sheng Li Liu Yang Yuepeng Cao Jun Bao |
| author_sort | Jie Zhong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer has long been considered a tumor with a poor prognosis and a poor response to chemotherapy. Despite the efficacy of targeted therapy with multi-targeted blockade of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway has brought a glimmer of hope to this group of patients, the need to improve treatment efficacy remains unmet, especially for the microsatellite stability/DNA proficient mismatch repair (MSS/pMMR) subtype. BRAF mutant colorectal cancer patients with high microsatellite instability/DNA deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR) have high tumor mutation burden and abundant neoantigen, who are deemed as ones that could receive expected efficacy from immunotherapy. Generally, it is believed that MSS/pMMR colorectal cancer is an immunologically “cold” tumor that is insensitive to immunotherapy. However, targeted therapy combined with immune checkpoint blockade therapy seems to bring light to BRAF mutant colorectal cancer patients. In this review, we provide an overview of clinical efficacy and evolving new strategies concerning immune checkpoint blockade therapy for both MSI-H/dMMR and MSS/pMMR BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer and discuss the potential biomarkers in the tumor immune microenvironment for predicting immunotherapeutic response in BRAF mutant colorectal cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:10:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-afff91d4332441949c021f600fc7d8dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2730-6011 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:10:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Discover Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-afff91d4332441949c021f600fc7d8dd2023-06-11T11:17:35ZengSpringerDiscover Oncology2730-60112023-06-0114111310.1007/s12672-023-00718-yImmune checkpoint blockade therapy for BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer: the efficacy, new strategies, and potential biomarkersJie Zhong0Zijian Sun1Sheng Li2Liu Yang3Yuepeng Cao4Jun Bao5Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityAbstract BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer has long been considered a tumor with a poor prognosis and a poor response to chemotherapy. Despite the efficacy of targeted therapy with multi-targeted blockade of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway has brought a glimmer of hope to this group of patients, the need to improve treatment efficacy remains unmet, especially for the microsatellite stability/DNA proficient mismatch repair (MSS/pMMR) subtype. BRAF mutant colorectal cancer patients with high microsatellite instability/DNA deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR) have high tumor mutation burden and abundant neoantigen, who are deemed as ones that could receive expected efficacy from immunotherapy. Generally, it is believed that MSS/pMMR colorectal cancer is an immunologically “cold” tumor that is insensitive to immunotherapy. However, targeted therapy combined with immune checkpoint blockade therapy seems to bring light to BRAF mutant colorectal cancer patients. In this review, we provide an overview of clinical efficacy and evolving new strategies concerning immune checkpoint blockade therapy for both MSI-H/dMMR and MSS/pMMR BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer and discuss the potential biomarkers in the tumor immune microenvironment for predicting immunotherapeutic response in BRAF mutant colorectal cancer.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-023-00718-yBRAF mutationColorectal cancerImmune checkpoint blockade therapyTargeted therapyPredictive biomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Jie Zhong Zijian Sun Sheng Li Liu Yang Yuepeng Cao Jun Bao Immune checkpoint blockade therapy for BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer: the efficacy, new strategies, and potential biomarkers Discover Oncology BRAF mutation Colorectal cancer Immune checkpoint blockade therapy Targeted therapy Predictive biomarkers |
| title | Immune checkpoint blockade therapy for BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer: the efficacy, new strategies, and potential biomarkers |
| title_full | Immune checkpoint blockade therapy for BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer: the efficacy, new strategies, and potential biomarkers |
| title_fullStr | Immune checkpoint blockade therapy for BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer: the efficacy, new strategies, and potential biomarkers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immune checkpoint blockade therapy for BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer: the efficacy, new strategies, and potential biomarkers |
| title_short | Immune checkpoint blockade therapy for BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer: the efficacy, new strategies, and potential biomarkers |
| title_sort | immune checkpoint blockade therapy for braf mutant metastatic colorectal cancer the efficacy new strategies and potential biomarkers |
| topic | BRAF mutation Colorectal cancer Immune checkpoint blockade therapy Targeted therapy Predictive biomarkers |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-023-00718-y |
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