A highly potent human neutralizing antibody prevents vertical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus in a rat model
Abstract Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging mosquito-transmitted virus that circulates in livestock and humans in Africa and the Middle East. Outbreaks lead to high rates of miscarriages in domesticated livestock. Women are also at risk of vertical virus transmission and late-term miscarr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40187-z |
| _version_ | 1797769457817354240 |
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| author | Cynthia M. McMillen Nathaniel S. Chapman Ryan M. Hoehl Lauren B. Skvarca Madeline M. Schwarz Laura S. Handal James E. Crowe Amy L. Hartman |
| author_facet | Cynthia M. McMillen Nathaniel S. Chapman Ryan M. Hoehl Lauren B. Skvarca Madeline M. Schwarz Laura S. Handal James E. Crowe Amy L. Hartman |
| author_sort | Cynthia M. McMillen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging mosquito-transmitted virus that circulates in livestock and humans in Africa and the Middle East. Outbreaks lead to high rates of miscarriages in domesticated livestock. Women are also at risk of vertical virus transmission and late-term miscarriages. MAb RVFV-268 is a highly potent recombinant neutralizing human monoclonal antibody that targets RVFV. Here we show that mAb RVFV-268 reduces viral replication in rat placenta explant cultures and prevents vertical transmission in a rat model of congenital RVF. Passive transfer of mAb RVFV-268 from mother to fetus occurs as early as 6 h after administration and persists through 24 h. Administering mAb RVFV-268 2 h prior to RVFV challenge or 24 h post-challenge protects the dams and offspring from RVFV infection. These findings support mAb RVFV-268 as a pre- and post-infection treatment to subvert RVFV infection and vertical transmission, thus protecting the mother and offspring. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T21:08:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b005e172a9a3481db7bdb83e145d536f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T21:08:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj.art-b005e172a9a3481db7bdb83e145d536f2023-07-30T11:19:27ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232023-07-0114111410.1038/s41467-023-40187-zA highly potent human neutralizing antibody prevents vertical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus in a rat modelCynthia M. McMillen0Nathaniel S. Chapman1Ryan M. Hoehl2Lauren B. Skvarca3Madeline M. Schwarz4Laura S. Handal5James E. Crowe6Amy L. Hartman7University of Pittsburgh, Center for Vaccine ResearchVanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Pittsburgh, Center for Vaccine ResearchUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Magee-Womens Hospital, Department of PathologyUniversity of Pittsburgh, Center for Vaccine ResearchVanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Vaccine CenterVanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Pittsburgh, Center for Vaccine ResearchAbstract Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging mosquito-transmitted virus that circulates in livestock and humans in Africa and the Middle East. Outbreaks lead to high rates of miscarriages in domesticated livestock. Women are also at risk of vertical virus transmission and late-term miscarriages. MAb RVFV-268 is a highly potent recombinant neutralizing human monoclonal antibody that targets RVFV. Here we show that mAb RVFV-268 reduces viral replication in rat placenta explant cultures and prevents vertical transmission in a rat model of congenital RVF. Passive transfer of mAb RVFV-268 from mother to fetus occurs as early as 6 h after administration and persists through 24 h. Administering mAb RVFV-268 2 h prior to RVFV challenge or 24 h post-challenge protects the dams and offspring from RVFV infection. These findings support mAb RVFV-268 as a pre- and post-infection treatment to subvert RVFV infection and vertical transmission, thus protecting the mother and offspring.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40187-z |
| spellingShingle | Cynthia M. McMillen Nathaniel S. Chapman Ryan M. Hoehl Lauren B. Skvarca Madeline M. Schwarz Laura S. Handal James E. Crowe Amy L. Hartman A highly potent human neutralizing antibody prevents vertical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus in a rat model Nature Communications |
| title | A highly potent human neutralizing antibody prevents vertical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus in a rat model |
| title_full | A highly potent human neutralizing antibody prevents vertical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus in a rat model |
| title_fullStr | A highly potent human neutralizing antibody prevents vertical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus in a rat model |
| title_full_unstemmed | A highly potent human neutralizing antibody prevents vertical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus in a rat model |
| title_short | A highly potent human neutralizing antibody prevents vertical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus in a rat model |
| title_sort | highly potent human neutralizing antibody prevents vertical transmission of rift valley fever virus in a rat model |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40187-z |
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