Identification of Hub Genes Correlated With Poor Prognosis for Patients With Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation
Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) is one of the most common malignancies of the female genital tract and there remains a major public health problem. Although significant progress has been made in explaining the progression of UCEC, it is still warranted that molecular mechanisms underlyin...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.766947/full |
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| author | Yi Yuan Zhengzheng Chen Xushan Cai Xushan Cai Shengxiang He Dong Li Weidong Zhao |
| author_facet | Yi Yuan Zhengzheng Chen Xushan Cai Xushan Cai Shengxiang He Dong Li Weidong Zhao |
| author_sort | Yi Yuan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) is one of the most common malignancies of the female genital tract and there remains a major public health problem. Although significant progress has been made in explaining the progression of UCEC, it is still warranted that molecular mechanisms underlying the tumorigenesis of UCEC are to be elucidated. The aim of the current study was to investigate key modules and hub genes related to UCEC pathogenesis, and to explore potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for UCEC. The RNA-seq dataset and corresponding clinical information for UCEC patients were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between 23 paired UCEC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Subsequently, the co-expression network of DEGs was determined via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The Blue and Brown modules were identified to be significantly positively associated with neoplasm histologic grade. The highly connected genes of the two modules were then investigated as potential key factors related to tumor differentiation. Additionally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for all genes in the two modules was constructed to obtain key modules and nodes. 10 genes were identified by both WGCNA and PPI analyses, and it was shown by Kaplan-Meier curve analysis that 6 out of the 10 genes were significantly negatively related to the 5-year overall survival (OS) in patients (AURKA, BUB1, CDCA8, DLGAP5, KIF2C, TPX2). Besides, according to the DEGs from the two modules, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-TF-mRNA networks were constructed to explore the molecular mechanism of UCEC-related lncRNAs. 3 lncRNAs were identified as being significantly negatively related to the 5-year OS (AC015849.16, DUXAP8 and DGCR5), with higher expression in UCEC tissues compared to non-tumor tissues. Finally, quantitative Real-time PCR was applied to validate the expression patterns of hub genes. Cell proliferation and colony formation assays, as well as cell cycle distribution and apoptosis analysis, were performed to test the effects of representative hub genes. Altogether, this study not only promotes our understanding of the molecular mechanisms for the pathogenesis of UCEC but also identifies several promising biomarkers in UCEC development, providing potential therapeutic targets for UCEC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T02:58:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b01612e0835c4607a25cfb83fac2a172 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T02:58:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b01612e0835c4607a25cfb83fac2a1722022-12-21T20:38:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2021-11-011110.3389/fonc.2021.766947766947Identification of Hub Genes Correlated With Poor Prognosis for Patients With Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental ValidationYi Yuan0Zhengzheng Chen1Xushan Cai2Xushan Cai3Shengxiang He4Dong Li5Weidong Zhao6Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Jiading District, Shanghai, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, ChinaUterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) is one of the most common malignancies of the female genital tract and there remains a major public health problem. Although significant progress has been made in explaining the progression of UCEC, it is still warranted that molecular mechanisms underlying the tumorigenesis of UCEC are to be elucidated. The aim of the current study was to investigate key modules and hub genes related to UCEC pathogenesis, and to explore potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for UCEC. The RNA-seq dataset and corresponding clinical information for UCEC patients were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between 23 paired UCEC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Subsequently, the co-expression network of DEGs was determined via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The Blue and Brown modules were identified to be significantly positively associated with neoplasm histologic grade. The highly connected genes of the two modules were then investigated as potential key factors related to tumor differentiation. Additionally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for all genes in the two modules was constructed to obtain key modules and nodes. 10 genes were identified by both WGCNA and PPI analyses, and it was shown by Kaplan-Meier curve analysis that 6 out of the 10 genes were significantly negatively related to the 5-year overall survival (OS) in patients (AURKA, BUB1, CDCA8, DLGAP5, KIF2C, TPX2). Besides, according to the DEGs from the two modules, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-TF-mRNA networks were constructed to explore the molecular mechanism of UCEC-related lncRNAs. 3 lncRNAs were identified as being significantly negatively related to the 5-year OS (AC015849.16, DUXAP8 and DGCR5), with higher expression in UCEC tissues compared to non-tumor tissues. Finally, quantitative Real-time PCR was applied to validate the expression patterns of hub genes. Cell proliferation and colony formation assays, as well as cell cycle distribution and apoptosis analysis, were performed to test the effects of representative hub genes. Altogether, this study not only promotes our understanding of the molecular mechanisms for the pathogenesis of UCEC but also identifies several promising biomarkers in UCEC development, providing potential therapeutic targets for UCEC.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.766947/fulluterine corpus endometrial carcinomaweighted gene co-expression network analysisprotein-protein interaction networkhub genetumor differentiation |
| spellingShingle | Yi Yuan Zhengzheng Chen Xushan Cai Xushan Cai Shengxiang He Dong Li Weidong Zhao Identification of Hub Genes Correlated With Poor Prognosis for Patients With Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation Frontiers in Oncology uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma weighted gene co-expression network analysis protein-protein interaction network hub gene tumor differentiation |
| title | Identification of Hub Genes Correlated With Poor Prognosis for Patients With Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation |
| title_full | Identification of Hub Genes Correlated With Poor Prognosis for Patients With Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation |
| title_fullStr | Identification of Hub Genes Correlated With Poor Prognosis for Patients With Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of Hub Genes Correlated With Poor Prognosis for Patients With Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation |
| title_short | Identification of Hub Genes Correlated With Poor Prognosis for Patients With Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation |
| title_sort | identification of hub genes correlated with poor prognosis for patients with uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma by integrated bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation |
| topic | uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma weighted gene co-expression network analysis protein-protein interaction network hub gene tumor differentiation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.766947/full |
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