Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse
Background: Natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists have the potential for use in increasing the fungal resistance and productivity of horticulture plants. Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of both natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists as a biotical c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/11/470 |
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| author | Hanaa S. Hassan Abeer A. Mohamed Mostafa N. Feleafel Mohamed Z. M. Salem Hayssam M. Ali Mohammad Akrami Doaa Y. Abd-Elkader |
| author_facet | Hanaa S. Hassan Abeer A. Mohamed Mostafa N. Feleafel Mohamed Z. M. Salem Hayssam M. Ali Mohammad Akrami Doaa Y. Abd-Elkader |
| author_sort | Hanaa S. Hassan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists have the potential for use in increasing the fungal resistance and productivity of horticulture plants. Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of both natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists as a biotical control of some fungal pathogens, i.e., <i>Fusarium</i> ssp., <i>Exserohilum</i> ssp. and <i>Nigrospora</i> ssp., along with improving the growth and productivity performance of zucchini under greenhouse conditions. <i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> leaf extract (LE), <i>Citrus sinensis</i> LE, <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> fruit extract (FE), and two microbial antagonists <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> (accession no. MW647093) and <i>Trichoderma viride</i> (accession no. MW647090) were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Through morphological characteristics and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, <i>Fusarium solani</i> (accession no. MW947256), <i>F. oxysporum</i> (accession no. MW947254), <i>Exserohilum rostratum</i> (accession no. MW947255), and <i>Nigrospora</i> <i>lacticolonia</i> (accession no. MW947253) were identified. HPLC analysis was used for the identification of phenolic compounds (PCs) and flavonoid compounds (FCs) in the extracts. Results: The highest inhibition percentage of fungal growth (IPFG) against <i>F. oxysporum</i> was obtained with <i>P. fluorescens</i>, <i>T. viride</i>, and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L); <i>F. solani</i> with <i>P. fluorescens</i>, <i>T. viride</i>, and <i>C. sinensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L); <i>Exserohilum rostratum</i> with <i>P. fluorescens</i>, <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> FE (4000 mg/L) and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L), and <i>N. lacticolonia</i> with <i>P. fluorescens</i>. Using HPLC analysis, the abundant PCs in <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE were pyrogallol, and caffeic acid, those in <i>C. sinensis</i> LE were syringic acid and ferulic acid, and those in <i>F. benghalensis</i> FE were gallic acid and syringic acid. In addition, the abundant FCs in <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE were kaempferol, and naringin, those in <i>C. sinensis</i> LE were hesperidin and quercetin, and those in <i>F. benghalensis</i> FE were kaempferol and quercetin. Under greenhouse experiments, <i>T. viride</i> and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L) followed by <i>P. fluorescens</i> + <i>T. viride</i> treatments gave the best results of zucchini plants in terms of leaf area, fruits number per plant, yield per plant, and total yield (marketable and non-marketable). Conclusions: Plant extracts and bioagents can be used to control some zucchini fungal pathogens and increase the productivity performance of zucchini plants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:26:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b01ae323f28c4a1b816c4914092b49a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:26:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-b01ae323f28c4a1b816c4914092b49a52023-11-22T23:34:08ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242021-11-0171147010.3390/horticulturae7110470Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in GreenhouseHanaa S. Hassan0Abeer A. Mohamed1Mostafa N. Feleafel2Mohamed Z. M. Salem3Hayssam M. Ali4Mohammad Akrami5Doaa Y. Abd-Elkader6Department of Vegetable, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, EgyptPlant Pathology Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Alexandria 21616, EgyptDepartment of Vegetable, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, EgyptForestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, EgyptBotany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Engineering, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UKDepartment of Vegetable, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, EgyptBackground: Natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists have the potential for use in increasing the fungal resistance and productivity of horticulture plants. Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of both natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists as a biotical control of some fungal pathogens, i.e., <i>Fusarium</i> ssp., <i>Exserohilum</i> ssp. and <i>Nigrospora</i> ssp., along with improving the growth and productivity performance of zucchini under greenhouse conditions. <i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> leaf extract (LE), <i>Citrus sinensis</i> LE, <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> fruit extract (FE), and two microbial antagonists <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> (accession no. MW647093) and <i>Trichoderma viride</i> (accession no. MW647090) were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Through morphological characteristics and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, <i>Fusarium solani</i> (accession no. MW947256), <i>F. oxysporum</i> (accession no. MW947254), <i>Exserohilum rostratum</i> (accession no. MW947255), and <i>Nigrospora</i> <i>lacticolonia</i> (accession no. MW947253) were identified. HPLC analysis was used for the identification of phenolic compounds (PCs) and flavonoid compounds (FCs) in the extracts. Results: The highest inhibition percentage of fungal growth (IPFG) against <i>F. oxysporum</i> was obtained with <i>P. fluorescens</i>, <i>T. viride</i>, and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L); <i>F. solani</i> with <i>P. fluorescens</i>, <i>T. viride</i>, and <i>C. sinensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L); <i>Exserohilum rostratum</i> with <i>P. fluorescens</i>, <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> FE (4000 mg/L) and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L), and <i>N. lacticolonia</i> with <i>P. fluorescens</i>. Using HPLC analysis, the abundant PCs in <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE were pyrogallol, and caffeic acid, those in <i>C. sinensis</i> LE were syringic acid and ferulic acid, and those in <i>F. benghalensis</i> FE were gallic acid and syringic acid. In addition, the abundant FCs in <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE were kaempferol, and naringin, those in <i>C. sinensis</i> LE were hesperidin and quercetin, and those in <i>F. benghalensis</i> FE were kaempferol and quercetin. Under greenhouse experiments, <i>T. viride</i> and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L) followed by <i>P. fluorescens</i> + <i>T. viride</i> treatments gave the best results of zucchini plants in terms of leaf area, fruits number per plant, yield per plant, and total yield (marketable and non-marketable). Conclusions: Plant extracts and bioagents can be used to control some zucchini fungal pathogens and increase the productivity performance of zucchini plants.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/11/470<i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i><i>Citrus sinensis</i><i>Ficus benghalensis</i> crown rotFusarium wiltITSnatural plant extracts |
| spellingShingle | Hanaa S. Hassan Abeer A. Mohamed Mostafa N. Feleafel Mohamed Z. M. Salem Hayssam M. Ali Mohammad Akrami Doaa Y. Abd-Elkader Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse Horticulturae <i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> <i>Citrus sinensis</i> <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> crown rot Fusarium wilt ITS natural plant extracts |
| title | Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse |
| title_full | Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse |
| title_fullStr | Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse |
| title_full_unstemmed | Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse |
| title_short | Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse |
| title_sort | natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists to control fungal pathogens and improve the productivity of zucchini i cucurbita pepo i l in vitro and in greenhouse |
| topic | <i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> <i>Citrus sinensis</i> <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> crown rot Fusarium wilt ITS natural plant extracts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/11/470 |
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