Verification and Validation of COMSOL Magnetohydrodynamic Models for Liquid Metal Breeding Blankets Technologies
Liquid metal breeding blankets are extensively studied in nuclear fusion. In the main proposed systems, the Water Cooled Lithium Lead (WCLL) and the Dual Coolant Lithium Lead (DCLL), the liquid metal flows under an intense transverse magnetic field, for which a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect is pr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/17/5413 |
| _version_ | 1797521460966719488 |
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| author | Ciro Alberghi Luigi Candido Raffaella Testoni Marco Utili Massimo Zucchetti |
| author_facet | Ciro Alberghi Luigi Candido Raffaella Testoni Marco Utili Massimo Zucchetti |
| author_sort | Ciro Alberghi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Liquid metal breeding blankets are extensively studied in nuclear fusion. In the main proposed systems, the Water Cooled Lithium Lead (WCLL) and the Dual Coolant Lithium Lead (DCLL), the liquid metal flows under an intense transverse magnetic field, for which a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect is produced. The result is the alteration of all the flow features and the increase in the pressure drops. Although the latter issue can be evaluated with system models, 3D MHD codes are of extreme importance both in the design phase and for safety analyses. To test the reliability of COMSOL Multiphysics for the development of MHD models, a method for verification and validation of magnetohydrodynamic codes is followed. The benchmark problems solved regard steady state, fully developed flows in rectangular ducts, non-isothermal flows, flow in a spatially varying transverse magnetic field and two different unsteady turbulent problems, quasi-two-dimensional MHD turbulent flow and 3D turbulent MHD flow entering a magnetic obstacle. The computed results show good agreement with the reference solutions for all the addressed problems, suggesting that COMSOL can be used as software to study liquid metal MHD problems under the flow regimes typical of fusion power reactors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:12:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b020a762922748588f6af951a7323a1c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:12:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-b020a762922748588f6af951a7323a1c2023-11-22T10:34:17ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-08-011417541310.3390/en14175413Verification and Validation of COMSOL Magnetohydrodynamic Models for Liquid Metal Breeding Blankets TechnologiesCiro Alberghi0Luigi Candido1Raffaella Testoni2Marco Utili3Massimo Zucchetti4ESSENTIAL Group, Politecnico di Torino—Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyESSENTIAL Group, Politecnico di Torino—Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyESSENTIAL Group, Politecnico di Torino—Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyENEA FSN-PROIN, C.R. Brasimone—Località Brasimone, 40043 Camugnano, ItalyESSENTIAL Group, Politecnico di Torino—Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyLiquid metal breeding blankets are extensively studied in nuclear fusion. In the main proposed systems, the Water Cooled Lithium Lead (WCLL) and the Dual Coolant Lithium Lead (DCLL), the liquid metal flows under an intense transverse magnetic field, for which a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect is produced. The result is the alteration of all the flow features and the increase in the pressure drops. Although the latter issue can be evaluated with system models, 3D MHD codes are of extreme importance both in the design phase and for safety analyses. To test the reliability of COMSOL Multiphysics for the development of MHD models, a method for verification and validation of magnetohydrodynamic codes is followed. The benchmark problems solved regard steady state, fully developed flows in rectangular ducts, non-isothermal flows, flow in a spatially varying transverse magnetic field and two different unsteady turbulent problems, quasi-two-dimensional MHD turbulent flow and 3D turbulent MHD flow entering a magnetic obstacle. The computed results show good agreement with the reference solutions for all the addressed problems, suggesting that COMSOL can be used as software to study liquid metal MHD problems under the flow regimes typical of fusion power reactors.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/17/5413liquid metal blanketMHD benchmarkingCOMSOL multiphysicsmagneto-convectionturbulent MHDlarge eddy simulations |
| spellingShingle | Ciro Alberghi Luigi Candido Raffaella Testoni Marco Utili Massimo Zucchetti Verification and Validation of COMSOL Magnetohydrodynamic Models for Liquid Metal Breeding Blankets Technologies Energies liquid metal blanket MHD benchmarking COMSOL multiphysics magneto-convection turbulent MHD large eddy simulations |
| title | Verification and Validation of COMSOL Magnetohydrodynamic Models for Liquid Metal Breeding Blankets Technologies |
| title_full | Verification and Validation of COMSOL Magnetohydrodynamic Models for Liquid Metal Breeding Blankets Technologies |
| title_fullStr | Verification and Validation of COMSOL Magnetohydrodynamic Models for Liquid Metal Breeding Blankets Technologies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Verification and Validation of COMSOL Magnetohydrodynamic Models for Liquid Metal Breeding Blankets Technologies |
| title_short | Verification and Validation of COMSOL Magnetohydrodynamic Models for Liquid Metal Breeding Blankets Technologies |
| title_sort | verification and validation of comsol magnetohydrodynamic models for liquid metal breeding blankets technologies |
| topic | liquid metal blanket MHD benchmarking COMSOL multiphysics magneto-convection turbulent MHD large eddy simulations |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/17/5413 |
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