In situ, high-resolution evidence for the release of heavy metals from lake sediments during ice-covered and free periods
Heavy metal dynamics at the sediment-water interface (SWI) has attracted plenty of attention due to their meticulous depiction for metal sorption-release processes. However, little is known about their concentration, migration and release characteristics underneath the ice, especially at the millime...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1326818/full |
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| author | Xiaoyan Zhu Zhong Wu Xuhang Han Zihao Yang Xiangqian Dong Yuxiang Yuan Nannan Wang Zhi Qu Chunqing Wang |
| author_facet | Xiaoyan Zhu Zhong Wu Xuhang Han Zihao Yang Xiangqian Dong Yuxiang Yuan Nannan Wang Zhi Qu Chunqing Wang |
| author_sort | Xiaoyan Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heavy metal dynamics at the sediment-water interface (SWI) has attracted plenty of attention due to their meticulous depiction for metal sorption-release processes. However, little is known about their concentration, migration and release characteristics underneath the ice, especially at the millimeter scale. Here we investigated dynamics of labile As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn by the diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) technique during ice-covered and ice-free periods in the Lake Xingkai basin. The concentrations of metals were relatively high at the SWI and ranged for As: 0.001~13.42 μg L−1, Cd: 0.01~0.45 μg L−1, Cu: 0.001~2.75 μg L−1, Mn: 5.31~2958.29 μg L−1, Pb: 0.06~1.43 μg L−1, and Zn: 2.92~112.96 μg L−1. Particularly, concentration of Mn was extremely higher than other studies, possibly due to diagenetic process. Labile concentrations of heavy metals in January were significantly lower than those in May, suggesting that elevated temperatures lead to the release of heavy metals from the sediment to the overlying water. Based on the Fick’s first law, the diffusive fluxes as a source of Mn (413.82-1163.25 mg·m-2·d-1) and As (3.53 -8.12 mg·m-2·d-1) indicated that heavy metals were released from sediments to the overlying water. While the diffusive fluxes as a sink of Zn (-1.80-(-2.36) mg·m-2·d-1) and Pb (-0.02-(-0.46) mg·m-2·d-1) to sediments. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) revealed that the main factors influencing the heavy metal migration were dissolved oxygen (45.6% of total explanation, P=0.01) in January, and water temperature (52.9%, P=0.006) in May. This study extends theoretical scope for understanding metal migration and release process, and provides valuable suggestions for lake management during the freezing period. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:08:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b0223ded083448698bd7591c37457216 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-701X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:08:38Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-b0223ded083448698bd7591c374572162024-01-08T04:43:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2024-01-011110.3389/fevo.2023.13268181326818In situ, high-resolution evidence for the release of heavy metals from lake sediments during ice-covered and free periodsXiaoyan Zhu0Zhong Wu1Xuhang Han2Zihao Yang3Xiangqian Dong4Yuxiang Yuan5Nannan Wang6Zhi Qu7Chunqing Wang8Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaKey Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaSchool of Geology and Mining Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumchi, ChinaKey Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaKey Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaKey Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaKey Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaKey Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaKey Laboratory for Comprehensive Energy Saving of Cold Regions Architecture of Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, ChinaHeavy metal dynamics at the sediment-water interface (SWI) has attracted plenty of attention due to their meticulous depiction for metal sorption-release processes. However, little is known about their concentration, migration and release characteristics underneath the ice, especially at the millimeter scale. Here we investigated dynamics of labile As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn by the diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) technique during ice-covered and ice-free periods in the Lake Xingkai basin. The concentrations of metals were relatively high at the SWI and ranged for As: 0.001~13.42 μg L−1, Cd: 0.01~0.45 μg L−1, Cu: 0.001~2.75 μg L−1, Mn: 5.31~2958.29 μg L−1, Pb: 0.06~1.43 μg L−1, and Zn: 2.92~112.96 μg L−1. Particularly, concentration of Mn was extremely higher than other studies, possibly due to diagenetic process. Labile concentrations of heavy metals in January were significantly lower than those in May, suggesting that elevated temperatures lead to the release of heavy metals from the sediment to the overlying water. Based on the Fick’s first law, the diffusive fluxes as a source of Mn (413.82-1163.25 mg·m-2·d-1) and As (3.53 -8.12 mg·m-2·d-1) indicated that heavy metals were released from sediments to the overlying water. While the diffusive fluxes as a sink of Zn (-1.80-(-2.36) mg·m-2·d-1) and Pb (-0.02-(-0.46) mg·m-2·d-1) to sediments. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) revealed that the main factors influencing the heavy metal migration were dissolved oxygen (45.6% of total explanation, P=0.01) in January, and water temperature (52.9%, P=0.006) in May. This study extends theoretical scope for understanding metal migration and release process, and provides valuable suggestions for lake management during the freezing period.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1326818/fullheavy metalssediment-water interfaceice-covered lakesdiffusive fluxesdiffusive gradients in thin films |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoyan Zhu Zhong Wu Xuhang Han Zihao Yang Xiangqian Dong Yuxiang Yuan Nannan Wang Zhi Qu Chunqing Wang In situ, high-resolution evidence for the release of heavy metals from lake sediments during ice-covered and free periods Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution heavy metals sediment-water interface ice-covered lakes diffusive fluxes diffusive gradients in thin films |
| title | In situ, high-resolution evidence for the release of heavy metals from lake sediments during ice-covered and free periods |
| title_full | In situ, high-resolution evidence for the release of heavy metals from lake sediments during ice-covered and free periods |
| title_fullStr | In situ, high-resolution evidence for the release of heavy metals from lake sediments during ice-covered and free periods |
| title_full_unstemmed | In situ, high-resolution evidence for the release of heavy metals from lake sediments during ice-covered and free periods |
| title_short | In situ, high-resolution evidence for the release of heavy metals from lake sediments during ice-covered and free periods |
| title_sort | in situ high resolution evidence for the release of heavy metals from lake sediments during ice covered and free periods |
| topic | heavy metals sediment-water interface ice-covered lakes diffusive fluxes diffusive gradients in thin films |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1326818/full |
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