The “Third Violin” in the Cytoskeleton Orchestra—The Role of Intermediate Filaments in the Endothelial Cell’s Life
The endothelium plays an important role in the transcytosis of lipoproteins. According to one of the theories, endothelial injury is a triggering factor for the development of atherosclerosis, and intracellular structures, including components of the endotheliocyte cytoskeleton (microtubules, actin,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/4/828 |
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| author | Anton S. Shakhov Irina B. Alieva |
| author_facet | Anton S. Shakhov Irina B. Alieva |
| author_sort | Anton S. Shakhov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The endothelium plays an important role in the transcytosis of lipoproteins. According to one of the theories, endothelial injury is a triggering factor for the development of atherosclerosis, and intracellular structures, including components of the endotheliocyte cytoskeleton (microtubules, actin, and intermediate filaments), are involved in its development. In contrast to the proteins of tubulin-based microtubules and actin microfilaments, intermediate filaments are comprised of various tissue-specific protein members. Vimentin, the main protein of endothelial intermediate filaments, is one of the most well-studied of these and belongs to type-III intermediate filaments, commonly found in cells of mesenchymal origin. Vimentin filaments are linked mechanically or by signaling molecules to microfilaments and microtubules by which coordinated cell polarisation and migration are carried out, as well as control over several endotheliocyte functions. Moreover, the soluble vimentin acts as an indicator of the state of the cardiovascular system, and the involvement of vimentin in the development and course of atherosclerosis has been demonstrated. Here we discuss current concepts of the participation of vimentin filaments in the vital activity and functioning of endothelial cells, as well as the role of vimentin in the development of inflammatory processes and atherosclerosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:07:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b027782045bb4db195d388269a0c7444 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:07:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-b027782045bb4db195d388269a0c74442023-12-01T00:53:57ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-04-0110482810.3390/biomedicines10040828The “Third Violin” in the Cytoskeleton Orchestra—The Role of Intermediate Filaments in the Endothelial Cell’s LifeAnton S. Shakhov0Irina B. Alieva1A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, RussiaA.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, RussiaThe endothelium plays an important role in the transcytosis of lipoproteins. According to one of the theories, endothelial injury is a triggering factor for the development of atherosclerosis, and intracellular structures, including components of the endotheliocyte cytoskeleton (microtubules, actin, and intermediate filaments), are involved in its development. In contrast to the proteins of tubulin-based microtubules and actin microfilaments, intermediate filaments are comprised of various tissue-specific protein members. Vimentin, the main protein of endothelial intermediate filaments, is one of the most well-studied of these and belongs to type-III intermediate filaments, commonly found in cells of mesenchymal origin. Vimentin filaments are linked mechanically or by signaling molecules to microfilaments and microtubules by which coordinated cell polarisation and migration are carried out, as well as control over several endotheliocyte functions. Moreover, the soluble vimentin acts as an indicator of the state of the cardiovascular system, and the involvement of vimentin in the development and course of atherosclerosis has been demonstrated. Here we discuss current concepts of the participation of vimentin filaments in the vital activity and functioning of endothelial cells, as well as the role of vimentin in the development of inflammatory processes and atherosclerosis.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/4/828intermediate filamentsvimentin filamentssoluble vimentinmicrotubulesactinplectin |
| spellingShingle | Anton S. Shakhov Irina B. Alieva The “Third Violin” in the Cytoskeleton Orchestra—The Role of Intermediate Filaments in the Endothelial Cell’s Life Biomedicines intermediate filaments vimentin filaments soluble vimentin microtubules actin plectin |
| title | The “Third Violin” in the Cytoskeleton Orchestra—The Role of Intermediate Filaments in the Endothelial Cell’s Life |
| title_full | The “Third Violin” in the Cytoskeleton Orchestra—The Role of Intermediate Filaments in the Endothelial Cell’s Life |
| title_fullStr | The “Third Violin” in the Cytoskeleton Orchestra—The Role of Intermediate Filaments in the Endothelial Cell’s Life |
| title_full_unstemmed | The “Third Violin” in the Cytoskeleton Orchestra—The Role of Intermediate Filaments in the Endothelial Cell’s Life |
| title_short | The “Third Violin” in the Cytoskeleton Orchestra—The Role of Intermediate Filaments in the Endothelial Cell’s Life |
| title_sort | third violin in the cytoskeleton orchestra the role of intermediate filaments in the endothelial cell s life |
| topic | intermediate filaments vimentin filaments soluble vimentin microtubules actin plectin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/4/828 |
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